Risk of OAC and HGD–OAC by drug class by daily dose on data pooled on patient-level
| Drug exposure | Dose category | OAC only | HGD–OAC | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case N (%) | Control N (%) | ORmatched (95% CI) | p Value | Case N (%) | Control N (%) | ORmatched (95% CI) | p Value | ||
| Total | 45 (100) | 732 (100) | 57 (100) | 1409 (100) | |||||
| NSAID | None | 32 (71) | 566 (77) | Ref | – | 44 (77) | 1159 (82) | Ref | – |
| <0.8 DDD per day | 3 (7) | 39 (5) | 1.1 (0.3 to 3.7) | 0.909 | 3 (5) | 107 (8) | 0.6 (0.2 to 2.2) | 0.475 | |
| ≥0.8 to <1.2 DDD per day | 4 (9) | 74 (10) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.5) | 0.783 | 4 (7) | 84 (6) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.3) | 0.633 | |
| ≥1.2 DDD per day | 6 (13) | 53 (7) | 2.2 (0.8 to 5.6) | 0.111 | 6 (11) | 59 (4) | 1.9 (0.8 to 5.0) | 0.160 | |
| Statin | None | 33 (73) | 479 (65) | Ref | – | 42 (74) | 1050 (75) | Ref | – |
| <0.8 DDD per day | 8 (18) | 126 (17) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.2) | 0.880 | 9 (16) | 174 (12) | 1.0 (0.5 to 2.1) | 0.959 | |
| ≥0.8 to <1.2 DDD per day | 1 (2) | 49 (7) | 0.3 (0.05 to 2.6) | 0.305 | 2 (4) | 62 (4) | 0.7 (0.2 to 3.1) | 0.637 | |
| ≥1.2 DDD per day | 3 (7) | 78 (11) | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.3) | 0.519 | 4 (7) | 123 (9) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.4) | 0.731 | |
| PPI | None | 5 (11) | 103 (14) | Ref | – | 11 (19) | 450 (32) | Ref | – |
| <0.8 DDD per day | 9 (20) | 168 (23) | 0.9 (0.3 to 3.0) | 0.914 | 11 (19) | 196 (14) | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.8) | 0.910 | |
| ≥0.8 to <1.2 DDD per day | 23 (51) | 315 (43) | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.4) | 0.723 | 27 (47) | 454 (32) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.6) | 0.768 | |
| ≥1.2 DDD per day | 8 (18) | 146 (20) | 1.1 (0.4 to 3.6) | 0.822 | 8 (14) | 309 (22) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.3) | 0.813 | |
| SSRI | None | 40 (89) | 679 (93) | Ref | – | 52 (91) | 1344 (95) | Ref | – |
| <0.8 DDD per day | 1 (2) | 8 (1) | 3.0 (0.4 to 25.4) | 0.317 | 1 (2) | 8 (1) | 3 (0.3 to 25.1) | 0.321 | |
| ≥0.8 to <1.2 DDD per day | 4 (9) | 32 (4) | 2.3 (0.7 to 7.1) | 0.149 | 4 (7) | 44 (3) | 2.0 (0.7 to 6.0) | 0.218 | |
| ≥1.2 DDD per day | 0 (0) | 13 (2) | – | 0.987 | 0 (0) | 13 (1) | – | 0.987 | |
DDD, defined daily dose; HGD, high-grade dysplasia; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OAC, oesophageal adenocarcinoma; PPIs, proton pump inhibitors; SSRIs, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors.