Participants’ characteristics according to birthweight (kg) groups*
| N† | Total | Birthweight groups | p Value‡ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <2.5 kg | 2.5–2.9 kg | 3.0–3.5 kg | >3.5 kg | ||||
| Age, years | 1240 | 45.6 (7.6) | 45.8 (8.0) | 44.9 (7.7) | 46.2 (7.2) | 45.5 (7.6) | 0.043 |
| Height, cm | 1244 | 158.4 (5.5) | 156.3 (5.2) | 158.1 (5.2) | 158.9 (5.6) | 159.6 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 1243 | 55.1 (8.1) | 52.5 (7.9) | 54.0 (7.5) | 56.0 (7.7) | 57.7 (9.8) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 1238 | 22.0 (3.0) | 21.5 (3.1) | 21.6 (2.8) | 22.2 (2.9) | 22.6 (3.8) | 0.003 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 1230 | 75.3 (8.4) | 74.3 (8.4) | 74.8 (8.3) | 75.6 (8.3) | 77.0 (8.7) | 0.033 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 1217 | 113.5 (13.4) | 113.8 (14.2) | 113.4 (13.8) | 112.7 (12.7) | 114.3 (12.9) | 0.562 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 1217 | 70.4 (9.9) | 70.5 (10.3) | 70.4 (10.1) | 69.9 (9.3) | 70.9 (10.3) | 0.674 |
| Premature§ | 1252 | 54 (4.3) | 29 (20.7) | 14 (3.2) | 10 (1.9) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Twin birth§ | 1251 | 20 (1.6) | 10 (7.1) | 6 (1.4) | 3 (0.6) | 1 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity, higher than average§ | 1241 | 495 (39.9) | 60 (43.2) | 160 (37.4) | 206 (39.9) | 67 (44.7) | 0.367 |
| Smokers§ | 1246 | 18 (1.4) | 4 (2.9) | 6 (1.4) | 7 (1.4) | 1 (0.7) | 0.455 |
| Drink alcohol§ | 1239 | 81 (6.5) | 4 (2.9) | 28 (6.5) | 37 (7.2) | 12 (8.0) | 0.268 |
| Menopause§ | 1234 | 363 (29.4) | 39 (27.9) | 116 (27.2) | 156 (30.5) | 49 (32.9) | 0.510 |
| Salt intake, ≥5 g per day§ | 1229 | 412 (33.5) | 49 (35.3) | 145 (33.8) | 163 (32.3) | 55 (36.9) | 0.730 |
| Family history of hypertension§ | 1245 | 798 (64.1) | 95 (67.4) | 294 (68.4) | 313 (60.7) | 95 (63.3) | 0.081 |
*Results reported as mean (SD) or n (%) for each birthweight group where appropriate.
†N was the exact number of cases who had present value among the 1253 participants.
‡p Values generated from one way analysis of variance or Pearson χ2 test or Fisher's exact test where appropriate.
§Variables were shown the number and per cent frequency that counted ‘Yes’ for each birth weight group.