Characteristics of the study population (N=163), percentage (%) or mean (SD)
| Characteristic | % | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 45.0 | 9.8 | |
| Males | 14 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.5 | 4.3 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.4 | 12.7 | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.83 | 0.08 | |
| Fat percent | 27.2 | 8.0 | |
| Body fat index (kg/m2) | 6.6 | 3.9 | |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.1 | 0.9 | |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.9 | 0.8 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.7 | 0.5 | |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.1 | 0.6 | |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 | 0.9 | |
| High CRP (≥3.0 mg/mL) | 18 | ||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 124 | 17 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 82 | 11 | |
| Adipokines | |||
| Adiponectin (pg/L) | 3444 | 1553 | |
| Leptin (pg/L) | 14 762 | 12 375 | |
| Resistin (pg/L) | 14 662 | 4481 | |
| Visfatin (ng/L) | 1.1 | 0.6 | |
| Metabolic syndrome | 18 | ||
| Current smoking | 11 | ||
| Alcohol consumption ≥2 times per week | 19 | ||
| Physical exercise ≥3 times per week | 51 | ||
| High physical load | 37 | ||
| High fear avoidance beliefs score | 13 | ||
| High job strain | 26 | ||
| Depressive symptoms | 27 | ||
| Medication | |||
| Statin | 6 | ||
| Antihypertensive | 15 | ||
| Antidiabetic | 1 | ||
| Antidepressive | 4 | ||
| Pain intensity (0–100) | 48 | 22 | |
| Diagnostic subgroups | |||
| Shoulder disorder | 36 | ||
| Epicondylitis | 31 | ||
| Wrist tendinitis or carpal tunnel syndrome | 13 | ||
| Non-specific pain | 20 | ||