Table 1

Clinical characteristics of young adults with very low birth weight at birth and at study assessment

Total (n=111)Men (n=42)Women (n=69)
SGA* (n=14)AGA (n=28)SGA* (n=25)AGA (n=44)
At birth
 Gestational age (wk)29.7 (3.1)31.5 (3.7)28.1 (1.9)33.0 (2.6)28.2 (1.9)
 Weight (g)1152 (235)1050 (223)1149 (235)1190 (239)1166 (236)
 ELBW33 (29.7)6 (42.9)10 (35.7)7 (28.0)10 (22.7)
 Birth from multiple pregnancy18 (16.2)2 (14.3)7 (25.0)1 (4.0)8 (18.2)
At study assessment
 Age (yr)24.8 (3.0)24.9 (2.9)24.6 (3.6)23.9 (2.9)25.4 (2.7)
 Family history of diabetes22 (19.8)2 (14.3)5 (17.9)7 (28.0)8 (18.2)
 Height (m)1.58 (0.07)1.60 (0.06)1.66 (0.06)1.54 (0.06)1.55 (0.05)
 Body weight (kg)52.3 (10.1)53.1 (8.8)55.8 (8.9)47.5 (8.3)52.4 (11.3)
 BMI (kg/m2)20.9 (3.8)20.8 (3.2)20.3 (2.8)20.1 (3.0)21.7 (4.7)
 Blood pressure (mm Hg)
  Systolic118 (16)120 (18)121 (17)115 (12)117 (16)
  Diastolic70 (11)69 (15)69 (11)69 (11)71 (11)
 Cholesterol (mg/dl)
  Total184.8 (31.3)210.6 (52.0)183.4 (25.2)180.4 (27.2)179.9 (25.1)
  LDL104.3 (28.4)126.9 (48.6)104.8 (24.8)100.3 (21.5)99.0 (22.6)
  HDL65.7 (13.3)63.2 (14.0)64.6 (14.1)64.6 (15.1)67.8 (11.6)
 Triglycerides (mg/dl)81.8 (72.2)126.5 (139.9)81.0 (84.5)85.4 (51.0)65.9 (23.5)
 Renal function
  Creatinine (mg/dl)0.66 (0.13)0.76 (0.09)0.80 (0.11)0.59 (0.08)0.58 (0.08)
  eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)104.6 (18.4)105.5 (13.9)101.8 (19.4)104.3 (18.2)106.3 (19.5)
  • * Determined by a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age according to standards defined by a study group of the Health Ministry in Japan.

  • Calculated according to the formula recommended by the Japanese Society of Nephrology: eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)=194 × [Cre (mg/dl)]−1.094 × [Age (years)]−0.287 (×0.739 if the subject is a woman).

  • AGA, appropriate for gestational age; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ELBW, extremely low birth weight (<1000 g); HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SGA, small for gestational age.

  • Data are expressed as mean (SD) or number (%).