Data and samples collected in the Community Burden of Acute Respiratory Infections in Shanghai (CAReIS) study, 2024–2027
| Study period | Tools and methods | Participants | Measurement |
| Baseline | Structured questionnaire to participant/guardians (ARIs-IMS assisted personal interview) | All participants | Demographics, education attainment, socioeconomic status, anthropometry, underlying medical conditions, tobacco and alcohol use, self-rated health, household information, overcrowding, vaccination history |
| During active follow-up | Weekly surveillance | All participants | ARI symptoms since last contact, symptom onset date |
| Combined nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab | Participants reporting an ARI | Multiplex respiratory pathogen real-time quantitative PCR for influenza virus, RSV, SARS-CoV-2 and other 34 respiratory pathogens. | |
| Structured questionnaire to participant/guardians (ARIs-IMS assisted personal interview) | Participants with an ascertained ARI | ARI symptoms, symptom onset and diminish date, healthcare services utilisation (outpatient and emergency department visits and hospital admission), work and school absent, clinical outcomes | |
| Post follow-up | Hospital medical records (data linkage) | Participants hospitalised during study | Length of hospital stay, discharge diagnosis, clinical laboratory testing results, intensive care unit admission, clinical outcome, complications, prescriptions, costs, clinical recovery and in-hospital deaths. |
| Immunisation information system records (data linkage) | All participants | History of COVID-19 vaccines, pneumococcal vaccines, influenza vaccines, and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines, including doses, vaccine type and administration date |
ARI, acute respiratory infection; ARIs-IMS, the ARIs Information Management System; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.