Themes and codes identified from the analysis
| Theme | Code |
| Forms of involvement | Information and data support |
| Human resources support | |
| Monitoring and supervision of services | |
| Infrastructure development | |
| Planning health services | |
| Financial and technical support | |
| Specialised healthcare | |
| Community mobilisation | |
| Challenges to participation | Coordination and cooperation |
| Poor planning | |
| Differing interests | |
| Lack of transparency | |
| Planning cycles | |
| Budget constraints | |
| Power plays | |
| Corruption | |
| Chances for improving involvement | Regular engagement |
| Proper coordination | |
| Communication | |
| Realistic expectations | |
| Mutual respect | |
| Sticking to the memorandum of understanding | |
| Equitable treatment of partners | |
| Transparency |