First and last author gender by article type
| Article type | Number of articles | Author type | Proportion of female authors (%) | Proportion of male authors (%) | Female vs male authors, p value* | First vs last female authors, p value† |
| Case report | 674 | First | 35.5 | 64.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Last | 28.9 | 71.1 | <0.001 | |||
| Comment | 878 | First | 31.7 | 68.3 | <0.001 | 1.0 |
| Last | 30.3 | 69.7 | <0.001 | |||
| Comparative study | 34 | First | 41.2 | 58.8 | 0.30 | <0.001 |
| Last | 29.4 | 70.6 | 0.02 | |||
| Editorial | 162 | First | 53.7 | 46.3 | 0.35 | 0.77 |
| Last | 42.6 | 57.4 | 0.06 | |||
| Meta-analysis | 21 | First | 38.1 | 61.9 | 0.28 | <0.001 |
| Last | 47.6 | 52.4 | 0.83 | |||
| Multicentre study | 36 | First | 50.0 | 50.0 | 1.00 | 0.78 |
| Last | 33.3 | 66.7 | 0.05 | |||
| Observational study | 30 | First | 30.0 | 70.0 | 0.03 | 0.29 |
| Last | 33.3 | 66.7 | 0.07 | |||
| Practice guideline | 29 | First | 31.0 | 69.0 | 0.04 | 0.67 |
| Last | 27.6 | 72.4 | 0.02 | |||
| Randomised controlled trial | 42 | First | 35.7 | 64.3 | 0.06 | 0.36 |
| Last | 21.4 | 78.6 | <0.001 | |||
| Review | 279 | First | 40.1 | 59.9 | <0.001 | 0.82 |
| Last | 22.6 | 77.4 | <0.001 |
There were 2185 articles with an indexed article type.
Bolded values denote statistical significance.
*χ2 test was used to compare female vs male first and last author proportions.
†χ2 test was used to compare female first vs last author proportions.