Multivariable logistic regression models for female (1) first and (2) last authors.
| Predictor | Reference level | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Female first authors | |||
| Female last author | Male | 1.49 (1.15, 1.93) | 0.002 |
| Female proportion of authorship team (%) | Continuous | 1.59 (1.15, 2.20) | 0.005 |
| Female editor-in-chief | Male | 1.18 (1.00, 1.39) | 0.05 |
| Publication year | Continuous | 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) | 0.69 |
| Journal impact factor | Continuous | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | 0.19 |
| Female last authors | |||
| Female proportion of authorship team (%) | Continuous | 2.38 (1.94, 2.93) | <0.001 |
| Female editor-in-chief | Male | 1.25 (1.05, 1.48) | 0.01 |
| Publication year | Continuous | 1.04 (0.99, 1.09) | 0.11 |
| Journal impact factor | Continuous | 1.00 (0.97, 1.03) | 0.79 |
Bold values denote statistical significance.