PICOS criteria for study inclusion
| Parameter | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
| Population | Caregivers or primary guardians of healthy children aged 2 to 12 years. | Caregivers of children with conditions that may affect feeding (eg, coeliac disease, food allergies, food intolerances, autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome and diabetes). |
| Exposure or Intervention | Evaluated at least one parental autonomy-supportive feeding practice and used validated instruments or tools with verified internal consistency of items. Patterns or profiles that only included autonomy-supportive practices will be included in this review. | Studies that used statistical approaches to combine parental practices from multiple domains into a single variable, that is, evaluating patterns/profiles of parental practices. |
| Comparison | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Outcome | Evaluated fruit and/or vegetable consumption through dietary frequency questionnaires, food diaries and/or direct food weighing, or assessed preferences for these foods. | Evaluated combined fruit and vegetable consumption within a single dependent variable category or assessed fruits and vegetables as separate measures. Studies that combined fruit and vegetable consumption with other types of foods. |
| Study Type | Observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control). Intervention studies (randomised clinical trials and experimental studies). | Studies with missing and/or unclear data, even after requesting information from authors, letters, reviews, conference abstracts, opinion pieces, case reports, poster presentations, news summaries, theses and dissertations. |