Table 3

Results of GEE, model 1 and model 2, showing the intervention effect on PAM score at 30, 90 and 180 days post-discharge

Model 1Model 2
Parameter estimates
ParameterB95% CI lower and upperP valueB95% CI lower and upperP value
Intercept55.03159.206
T11.734−0.859 to 4.3270.1881.978−0.955 to 4.9120.185
T22.321−0.390 to 5.0140.0932.321−0.820 to 5.4620.145
T33.0610.226 to 5.8950.0353.0230.352 to 5.6950.027
Group (control)1.8115−1.611 to 5.2420.2971.183−2.197 to 4.5630.493
T1×group (control)−1.673−5.445 to 2.0990.381−1.725−5.824 to 2.3740.407
T2×group (control)−0.710−4.063 to 2.6430.678−0.914−5.056 to 3.2280.663
T3×group (control)−0.832−4.281 to 2.6170.634−0.433−4.053 to 3.1870.814
Gender−0.722−4.221 to 2.7760.681
Relative5.044−0.277 to 10.3660.063
Age0.011−0.237 to 0.2580.927
CCI−1.526−3.084 to 0.0320.054
  • Dependent variable: PAM. T1, 30 days post-discharge; T2, 90 days post-discharge; T3, 180 days post-discharge.

  • The variables T0 and group (intervention) were used as references in the analyses.

  • CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; GEE, generalised estimating equation; MI, motivational interviewing; PAM, Patient Activation Measure.