Descriptive characteristics of phase I survey respondents and anticipated phase II interview sample of the 3D study
| Phase I survey N=573 | Phase II qualitative interview sample N=40 | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||
| Age mean (range) | 53.3 (19.0, 92.0) | 49.3 (21.0, 75.0) |
| Race, n (%) | ||
| Asian | 15 (2.6%) | 5 (12.5%) |
| Black | 49 (8.6%) | 3 (7.5%) |
| Latino | 9 (1.6%) | 3 (7.5%) |
| Native American | 4 (0.7%) | 2 (5.0%) |
| White | 402 (70.2%) | 23 (57.5%) |
| Another group | 11 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) |
| Not disclosed or missing | 83 (14.5%) | 3 (7.5%) |
| Gender, n (%) | ||
| Woman | 307 (60.05%) | 24 (60.0%) |
| Man | 190 (38.30%) | 24 (35.0%) |
| Transgender, non-binary or another gender | 6 (1.66%) | 2 (5.0%) |
| Missing | 70.0% (12.2%) | 0 (0%) |
| Household income (US$), n (%) | ||
| <25 000 | 85 (14.8%) | 9 (22.5%) |
| 25 000–49 000 | 88 (15.4%) | 6 (15.0%) |
| 50 000–74 000 | 91 (15.9%) | 3 (7.5%) |
| 75 000–99 000 | 83 (14.5%) | 8 (20.0%) |
| 100 000–149 000 | 92 (16.1%) | 4 (10.0%) |
| ≥150 000 | 101 (17.6%) | 9 (22.5%) |
| Missing | 33 (5.8%) | 1 (2.5%) |
| Educational attainment, n (%) | ||
| ≤High school/General Educational Development (GED) | 109 (19.0%) | 7 (17.5%) |
| Trade, vocational programme or certificate | 37 (6.5%) | 4 (10.0%) |
| Associate | 54 (9.4%) | 7 (17.5%) |
| Bachelor | 164 (28.6%) | 7 (17.5%) |
| Master or doctorate (PhD, MD, JD, etc) | 188 (32.8%) | 15 (37.5%) |
| Missing | 21 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) |
| Diabetes characteristics | ||
| Diagnosis, (%) | ||
| Type 2 | 249 (43.5%) | 20 (50.0%) |
| Type 1 | 276 (48.2%) | 16 (40.0%) |
| Type 1.5 (LADA) | 18 (3.1%) | 1 (2.5%) |
| Gestational (current and past) | 25 (4.3%) | 2 (5.0%) |
| Diabetes—type unknown | 5 (0.9%) | 1 (2.5%) |
| Age of diagnosis mean (range) | 31.3 (0, 82.0) Missing: 10 | 31.9 (4.0, 72.0) Missing: 0 |
| Years since diagnosis | 15.3 (0, 67.0) | 17.4 (1.0, 53.0) |
| Haemoglobin A1c mean (range) | 7.09 (3.4, 14.0) | 7.17 (4.70, 12.0) |
| Good control (≤6.4), n (%) | 165 (28.8%) | 21 (52.5%) |
| Poor control (≥8.0), n (%) | 86 (15.0%) | 18 (45.0%) |
| Do not know, n (%) | 66 (11.5%) | 1 (2.5%) |
| Missing | 8 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) |
| Depression, anxiety and diabetes-related distress | ||
| PHQ-9 score | 7.68 (0, 25) Missing: 77 | 9.46 (0, 23) Missing: 1 |
| Elevated depressive symptoms | 83 (14.5%) | 13 (32.5%) |
| GAD-7 score | 5.28 (0, 21) Missing: 58 | 7.30 (0, 19) Missing: 0 |
| Elevated anxiety symptoms | 46 (8.0%) | 6 (15.0%) |
| PAID-11 score | 11.8 (0, 44) Missing: 52 | 16.5 (0, 39) Missing: 0 |
| Elevated diabetes distress | 135 (23.6%) | 18 (45.0%) |
Values are mean (range) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables.
3D, diabetes, distress and disparities; GAD-7, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (0–21, ≥15 indicate elevated anxiety symptoms); LADA, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults; PAID-11, Problem Areas in Diabetes-11 (0–44, ≥18 indicate elevated diabetes distress); PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (0–27, ≥15 indicate elevated depressive symptoms).