Table 1

Baseline information of the participants in the study

Variable	n	Percentage (%)	P value
Gender			0.451
Males	48	31.0
Females	107	69.0
Age			0.652
50–60	33	21.3
60–70	52	33.5
70–80	50	32.3
80+	20	12.9
Educational background			0.124
Primary school and below	37	23.9
Junior high school	49	31.6
High school or technical secondary school	52	33.5
(College for) professional training	13	8.4
Undergraduate course	4	2.6
Working condition			0.660
No work	2	1.3
Working	25	16.1
Retired	128	82.6
Marital status			0.072
Married	151	97.4
Bereft of one’s spouse	4	2.6
Dwelling state			0.321
Living alone	47	30.3
Live with family	108	69.7
Payment methods for medical expenses			0.053
Urban medical insurance	103	66.5
Self-paying	52	33.5
Monthly income			0.188
<2000/month	12	7.7
2000–3999/month	42	27.1
4000–5999/month	64	41.3
6000–7999/month	37	23.9
History of smoking			0.520
Non-smoking	132	85.2
Smoking	23	14.8
History of drinking			0.220
Non-drinking	136	87.7
Drinking	19	12.3
Movement situation			0.441
Yes	76	49.0
No	79	51.0
Number of comorbidities			0.356
0	77	49.7
1	55	35.5
2	20	12.9
3	3	1.9
Hypertension			0.076
Yes	70	45.2
No	85	54.8
Diabetes			0.053
Yes	27	17.4
No	128	82.6
BMI (kg/m²)			0.076
<18.5	2	0.6
18.5–23.9	64	41.4
24–27.9	82	53.5
28–32	7	4.5
Fracture segment			0.088
Antiosteoporotic therapy	120	77.4
Multiple segments	35	22.6
Antiosteoporotic therapy			0.075
Yes	137	88.4
No	18	11.6