Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors associated with aspiration pneumonia
| Determinants | Bivariate logistic regression analysis | Multivariate logistic regression analysis | ||||||
| No pneumonia | Aspiration pneumonia | Standardised beta | OR (95% CI) | P value | Standardised beta | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age | 55.3±13.4 | 59.0±15.6 | 0.021 | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.03) | <0.001 | 0.017 | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.03) | 0.002 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 1776 (95.8) | 77 (4.2) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| Male | 7041 (95.9) | 303 (4.1) | −0.007 | 0.99 (0.77 to 1.28) | 0.95 | 0.446 | 1.56 (1.05 to 2.32) | 0.03 |
| TOAST | ||||||||
| SVD | 4213 (99.2) | 36 (0.8) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| LVD | 1772 (92.6) | 141 (7.4) | 2.231 | 9.31 (6.43 to 13.48) | <0.001 | 1.413 | 4.11 (2.52 to 6.69) | <0.001 |
| CE | 1744 (92.7) | 137 (7.3) | 2.218 | 9.19 (6.34 to 13.33) | <0.001 | 1.306 | 3.69 (2.23 to 6.12) | <0.001 |
| SDA | 612 (95.2) | 31 (4.8) | 1.780 | 5.93 (3.64 to 9.65) | <0.001 | 1.179 | 3.25 (1.75 to 6.03) | <0.001 |
| SUD | 476 (93.2) | 35 (6.8) | 2.152 | 8.61 (5.35 to 13.83) | <0.001 | 1.408 | 4.09 (1.98 to 8.46) | <0.001 |
| Mode of transport | ||||||||
| From other hospitals | 372 (96.1) | 15 (3.9) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| EMS | 6073 (95.5) | 288 (4.5) | 0.162 | 1.18 (0.69 to 2.00) | 0.55 | 0.184 | 1.20 (0.55 to 2.64) | 0.65 |
| Non-medical | 2200 (98.5) | 34 (1.5) | −0.959 | 0.38 (0.21 to 0.71) | 0.00 | 0.032 | 1.03 (0.43 to 2.47) | 0.94 |
| Onset duration | ||||||||
| <4.5 hours | 2822 (94.3) | 169 (5.7) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| 4.5–24 hours | 3890 (96.4) | 145 (3.6) | −0.177 | 0.84 (0.67 to 1.05) | <0.001 | 0.136 | 1.06 (0.68 to 1.65) | 0.79 |
| >24 hours | 3105 (97.9) | 66 (2.1) | −1.036 | 0.36 (0.27 to 0.47) | <0.001 | 0.061 | 1.15 (0.82 to 1.61) | 0.43 |
| Duration in ER | ||||||||
| <4 hours | 809 (94.2) | 50 (5.8) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| 4–8 hours | 1711 (93.3) | 122 (6.7) | 0.143 | 1.15 (0.82 to 1.62) | 0.41 | 0.343 | 1.41 (0.90 to 2.20) | 0.13 |
| >8 hours | 2749 (94.8) | 151 (5.2) | −0.118 | 0.89 (0.64 to 1.24) | 0.48 | 0.217 | 1.24 (0.80 to 1.93) | 0.34 |
| NIHSS | ||||||||
| Mild stroke (0–4) | 5570 (99.0) | 56 (1.0) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| Moderate stroke (5–14) | 1906 (97.0) | 59 (3.0) | 1.125 | 3.08 (2.13 to 4.45) | <0.001 | 0.625 | 1.87 (1.19 to 2.94) | 0.01 |
| Severe stroke (>10) | 1341 (83.5) | 265 (16.5) | 2.978 | 19.66 (14.64 to 26.38) | <0.001 | 1.788 | 5.98 (3.92 to 9.11) | <0.001 |
| Admission location | ||||||||
| Stroke ward | 3819 (96.3) | 147 (3.7) | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – |
| Medicine ward | 1248 (94.7) | 70 (5.3) | 0.377 | 1.46 (1.09 to 1.95) | 0.01 | 0.442 | 1.56 (1.05 to 2.31) | 0.03 |
CE, cardioembolic stroke; EMS, emergency medical services; ER, emergency room; LVD, large vessel disease; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; SDA, stroke of determined aetiology; SUD, stroke of undetermined aetiology; SVD, small vessel disease; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.