Table 1

List of indices and indicators included in this study

IndicatorAbbreviationUnitYearSource
Wealth
 Human development indexHDIValue2019 35
 Gross domestic productGDPUS$ per capita2019 36
 Current health expenditureCHE% of GDP2017 11 12
Inequality
 Gender inequality indexGIValue2019 35
 Gini indexGiniValue2019 35
Demographic and socioeconomic indicators
 Urban populationUP%2019 35
 Population densityPDHabitants per square km2019 35
 Employment-to-population ratioEP%2019 35
 Vulnerable employmentVE% of labour force2019 35
Governance
 Averaged aggregated governance indexValue2020 37
IncidenceCOVID-19 cases per 1000 people2020–2021 1
VaccinationDoses per 1000 people2021 1
Test capacityPerformed tests per 1000 people2020–2021 1