Detailed app descriptions
| Study ID | Content of messages | Frequency | Tools/resources employed for implementation | Duration of the intervention |
| 01 | Health education on danger signs in pregnancy, the importance of skilled delivery attendance and reminders for upcoming antenatal care (ANC) visits. | The frequency of the messages varied throughout the pregnancy, with an increase in frequency to weekly messages during the last 4 weeks before delivery. | Specific software name or platforms used for development is not mentioned. | The study followed the women until 42 days post-delivery to assess the impact of the mobile phone intervention on perinatal outcomes. |
| 02 | Obstetric and newborn danger signs and birth preparedness and complication readiness. | First trimester: one message per week. Second trimester: two messages per week. Third trimester: three messages per week. | Specific software name or platform used for development is not mentioned | From the initial ANC visit until the point of delivery |
| 03 | The messages include the importance of regular ANC visits, the benefits of facility-based deliveries, and the necessity of postnatal care. | Weekly | Savana signatures: design and execution of the project; Salasan Inc: technological framework; Mustimuhw Information Solutions: software solutions | 1 August 2017 to 30 September 2017. |
| 04 | General health messages, Reminders to visit PHCC, Nutritional advice, Lifestyle education. | Weekly, every Friday between 4 PM and 6 PM | forat-sms.com: bulk messaging platform | Not specified |
| 05 | Critical information on pregnancy, birth planning, infant care, and emergency responses | From delivery to 2 weeks postpartum, mothers get two daily messages to bolster care practices and offer continuous support. | Detailed in another paper37 | From enrolment at 28–36 weeks of gestation until 6 weeks postpartum |
| 06 | Information about prenatal care, reminders for ultrasound tests, encouragement to follow medical advice and attend scheduled appointments. | It is not specified, but it is mentioned that the app could manage diverse messaging needs across distinct stages of pregnancy. | SMS Service Provider: API SMSAll.pk Telephony software: for automated calls, Asterisk was used, coupled with a Primary Rate Interface (PRI) line to manage multiple concurrent calls. | 2 months |
| 07 | ANC reminders and Child immunisation | Health extension workers (HEWs) received ANC appointment reminders at gestational weeks 14, 24, 30 and 36. Vaccination appointment reminders were sent at 6, 10 and 14 weeks, and 9 months. HEWs then sent a reminder 1 week prior to monthly vaccinations. | Mobile phones equipped with customised FrontLineSMS and Central server and Local network and Short-code System and GSM Modem subscription | September 2012 to October 2013: 13 months |
| 08 | Clinic reminders, specific pregnancy-related health tips, general tips | Delivered periodically, based on the ANC appointment schedule of each participant. | Mobile devices, SMS Enabler version 2.5.5, A MySQL database | December 2013 to December 2014 |
| 09 | Reminders for care-seeking and promoted safe pregnancy and delivery practices. | Messages were sent twice weekly, precisely every Monday and Thursday. | Mobile devices, web-based applications connected to a GSM gateway | 2 years |
| 10 | Appointment reminders | Weekly | A cloud-based platform, AfricasTalking API. | 9 months |
| 11 | Information on ANC, pregnancy, and delivery topics. | Not specified but likely according to pregnancy stages. | Client-server architecture, CakePHP and MySQL for data storage, AdminLTE version 1.0 for GUI. | April 2015 to May 2016 |
| 12 | Visit reminder messages. | SMS text reminder 2 days before their scheduled appointments. If clients did not attend their appointments, an additional reminder was sent 7 days after the original appointment date as a defaulter tracing measure. | Mobile application linked to a cloud server, with a unique QR code for each user. | first April to 30th June 2019 |
GUI, Graphical User Interface; QR code, quick-response code; RCT, randomised controlled trial