Table 2

Covariates for modelling

VariableScaleRange/levels
Sociodemographic
 AgeContinuous65–105 years
 SexCategoricalFemale, male
 EducationCategorical<High school
Completed high school
Technical or trade school
Some college and ≥Bachelor’s
Unknown
Health stability
 Weight loss of 5% or more in the last 30 days, or 10% or more in the last 180 daysCategorical0=No
1=Yes
9=Unknown
 Weight gain of 5% or more in the last 30 days, or 10% or more in the last 180 daysCategorical0=No
1=Yes
9=Unknown
 CHESS scoreDiscrete0–5
 Hip fracture in last 180 daysBinary0=No
1=Yes
 Fell in the past 30 daysBinary0=No
1=Yes
Comorbidities
 DementiaDichotomousYes, no
 DeliriumDichotomousYes, no
 Emphysema/COPDDichotomousYes, no
 CancerDichotomousYes, no
 Kidney failureDichotomousYes, no
 Congestive heart failureDichotomousYes, no
 Arteriosclerotic heart diseaseDichotomousYes, no
 DepressionDichotomousYes, no
 AnxietyDichotomousYes, no
 Pressure ulcerDichotomousYes, no
 StrokeDichotomousYes, no
 Seizure disorderDichotomousYes, no
 AnaemiaDichotomousYes, no
 Parkinson’s diseaseDichotomousYes, no
 Multiple sclerosisDichotomousYes, no
 Oxygen therapyDichotomousYes, no
 Kidney dialysisDichotomousYes, no
 IncontinenceDichotomousYes, no
 Number of chronic conditionsDiscrete0–18
Medications
 Antipsychotic: the number of days during the last 7 daysCategorical0, 1, 2+
 Number of medicationsDiscrete0–13
Other functions
 BMIContinuous0–40 kg/m2
 Pain scaleDiscrete0–3
 Vision impairmentCategoricalAdequate, impaired, moderately impaired, highly impaired, severely impaired
 Hearing impairmentCategoricalAdequate, impaired, moderately impaired, highly impaired, severely impaired
 Index of Social EngagementDiscrete0–6
 Depression Rating ScaleDiscrete0–14
 CPS scoreDiscrete0–6
 ADL—Self-Performance Hierarchy Scale ScoreDiscrete0–6

  • ADL, activities of daily living; BMI, body mass index; CHESS, Changes in Health, End-Stage Disease and Signs and Symptoms; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPS, Cognitive Performance Scale.