Baseline characteristics
| All (n=4196) | Retrospective (n=1929) | Prospective (n=2267) | |
| Age, years | 55±11 | 54±11 | 55±11 |
| Gender, male/female | 2487/1709 | 1177/752 | 1310/957 |
| Height, cm | 165±9 | 165±9 | 166±9 |
| Weight, kg | 71±15 | 71±15 | 71±15 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26±5 | 26±5 | 26±5 |
| Race | |||
| Chinese, n (%) | 3143 (75) | 1381 (72) | 1762 (78) |
| Malay, n (%) | 253 (6) | 122 (6) | 131 (6) |
| Indian, n (%) | 407 (10) | 197 (10) | 210 (9) |
| Others, n (%) | 393 (9) | 229 (12) | 164 (7) |
| Cardiac risk factors | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1731 (41) | 864 (45) | 867 (38) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 638 (15) | 295 (15) | 343 (15) |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 2153 (51) | 1013 (53) | 1140 (50) |
| Family history, n (%) | 1115 (27) | 412 (21) | 703 (31) |
| Smoking, n (%) | 921 (22) | 373 (19) | 548 (24) |
| Peripheral artery disease, n (%) | 7 (0.2) | 5/ (0.3) | 2 (0.1) |
| Medication | |||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 511 (12) | 307 (16) | 204 (9) |
| Thienopyridine, n (%) | 156 (4) | 111 (6) | 45 (2) |
| Ticagrelor, n (%) | 8 (0.2) | 5 (0.3) | 3 (0.1) |
| Statin, n (%) | 1531 (36) | 746 (39) | 785 (35) |
| Beta blocker, n (%) | 610 (15) | 376 (19) | 234 (10) |
| Calcium channel blocker, n (%) | 708 (17) | 321 (17) | 387 (17) |
| ACE-inhibitor, n (%) | 224 (5) | 130 (7) | 94 (4) |
| Angiotensin II antagonist, n (%) | 527 (13) | 249 (13) | 278 (12) |
| Mineralocorticoid antagonist, n (%) | 28 (1) | 19 (1) | 9 (0.4) |
| Oral hypoglycaemics, n (%) | 413 (10) | 193 (10) | 220 (10) |
| Insulin, n (%) | 55 (1) | 27 (1) | 28 (1) |
| Blood test | |||
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 96 (86, 104) | 96 (86, 105) | 95 (86, 103) |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.0 (4.3, 5.7) | 5.0 (4.3, 5.7) | 5.0 (4.3, 5.8) |
| High-density cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.3 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.6) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.3 (1.0, 1.9) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.9) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.9) |
| Low-density cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.0 (2.3, 3.7) | 3.1 (2.4, 3.7) | 2.9 (2.3, 3.6) |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 14 (13, 15) | 14 (13, 15) | 14 (13, 15) |
| Haemoglobin A1c, % | 5.8 (5.5, 6.5) | 5.8 (5.4, 6.4) | 5.8 (5.5, 6.6) |