Sociodemographic characteristics of participants (n=48)
| Categories | Broader codes | Codes |
| Societal expectations and norms | Sociocultural factors | Family dynamics; Sexual taboo; Religion; Abstinence |
| Public shame | Feeling disrespected by health worker; Tight-knit communities; Social pressure; Social stigma | |
| Fear | Fear of going to the hospital; Fear of being recognised by family members; Fear of self-disclosure | |
| Power dynamics | Authority | Role expectations; Professional knowledge; Asymmetry of information; Age difference |
| Patient experience | Respectful care; Feeling judge by healthcare providers; An unsafe environment; An unbalanced doctor-patient relationship | |
| Social networks | Friends | Knowledge-sharing platform; Trust; Preference within gender; Matter of confidentiality |
| Partners | Feeling comfortable; Openness; Experiential learning | |
| Social media | Passive learning; Social influence; Information about preventive practices | |
| Peer education programmes | Schools as a good platform | Sex education; A safe environment; Feeling comfortable; Mass awareness campaigns |
| Modes of learning | Active learning; role play; group learning; Positive attitudes | |
| Bypassing the system | Access to health services | Preference for social clubs; Healthcare providers; Youth-friendly centres |
| Prevention | Street vendors; Preserved anonymity; Condoms |