Inclusion and exclusion criteria
| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria | |
| Population: Older carers | Studies on older adults (whose age or average age is 65 years or over) who take care of someone else | Studies on older adults (whose age or average age is 65 years or over) who do not take care of someone else Studies on younger adults (whose age or average is 64 years or less), regardless of care duties and responsibilities |
| Concept: Informal care provision Digital health services (DHS) | Studies on informal care provision (non-professional, unpaid and continuous care) to someone, of any age, who cannot manage fundamental self-care and instrumental activities of daily living due to a chronic condition, a disability or an impairment, and with whom there is a family or a social relationship (grandchildren, spouse, acquaintance, adult children, colleague, friend or neighbour) Studies on DHS, whether they be public or private, provided or supported by digital platforms to help monitoring (sensors tracking vital signs), by mobile applications (electronic health records), by websites for health information searching (online support group or web-based health information and consultation), or by other tools (robotics) | Studies on formal care provision (professional, paid and more or less continuous care) to someone who is in a clinical or community settings (including a home setting) with whom there is a professional relationship Studies on any type of offline health service |
| Context | Worldwide | |
| Search strategy | English Publications from 2010 Books, book chapters or book reviews, conference abstracts, meeting abstracts or early access articles, dissertations or theses, proceeding papers, research articles (experiments or observational studies, longitudinal or cross-sectional studies, quantitative, qualitative or mixed studies), reports, reviews or descriptions of study protocols | Any language other than English Publications before 2010 Editorials |