Table 1

Summary of the objectives, corresponding outcomes, explanatory variables and method of analysis

ObjectiveOutcomesExplanatory variablesAnalysis method
Primary: To determine the completeness of reporting based on the CONSORT 2010 extension checklist for pilot trials.Number of the CONSORT extension checklist items reported.
Per cent of studies reporting each CONSORT extension checklist item.		N/ADescriptive statistics reported as an estimate (95% CI).
Secondary: To determine the prevalence of ‘spin’ reporting techniques.Per cent of studies with at least one item of the three definitions of ‘spin’ as defined below.
Per cent of studies having each of the following items of ‘spin’:

  • A focus on statistical significance rather than feasibility (eg, secondary outcomes).

  • Presenting non-feasible results (statistically non-significant) as feasible or effective.

  • Emphasising effectiveness or potential intervention benefits rather than feasibility.

N/ADescriptive statistics reported as an estimate (95% CI).
Secondary: To determine the completeness of reporting based on key feasibility items.Number of the key feasibility items reported.
Per cent of studies reporting each key feasibility item.		N/ADescriptive statistics reported as an estimate (95% CI).
Secondary: To determine factors that are associated with the completeness of reporting of key outcomes.Number of CONSORT extension checklist items reported.
Number of key feasibility items reported.		Journal endorsement of CONSORT.
Journal policy on inclusion of CONSORT checklist at submission.
The presence of a structured abstract.
Type of intervention
Source of funding.		Poisson regression.

  • CONSORT, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials; N/A, not applicable.