Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis results indicating factors associated with IHM use during pregnancy, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, 2022 (n=628)
| Variables | Category | IHM use | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Yes | No | |||||
| Age (in completed years) | >30 | 85 (43.8%) | 109 (56.2%) | 1.72 (1.037 to 2.86)* | 1.13 (0.61 to 2.09) | 0.707 |
| 20–30 | 164 (47.5%) | 181 (52.5%) | 1.48 (0.93 to 2.37) | 1.13 (0.64 to 1.99) | 0.668 | |
| <20 | 51 (57.3%) | 38 (42.7%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Residence | Urban | 207 (50.7%) | 201 (49.3%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Rural | 93 (42.3%) | 127 (57.7%) | 1.41 (1.01 to 1.96)* | 1.46 (0.97 to 2.18) | 0.068 | |
| Education level | No formal education | 43 (28.3%) | 109 (71.7%) | 6.34 (2.97 to 13.51)*** | 5.47 (2.40 to 12.46) | 0.000 |
| Primary (1st–8th grade) | 71 (34.3%) | 136 (65.7%) | 4.79 (2.31 to 9.92)*** | 4.74 (2.15 to 10.44) | 0.000 | |
| High school (9th–10th grade) | 99 (75.0%) | 33 (25.0%) | 0.83 (0.38 to 1.81) | 0.85 (0.36 to 1.98) | 0.704 | |
| Preparatory and diploma | 57 (60.0%) | 38 (40.0%) | 1.67 (0.76 to 3.65) | 1.44 (0.60 to 3.45) | 0.409 | |
| Degree and above | 30 (71.4%) | 12 (28.6%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Occupation | Housewife | 130 (40.5%) | 191 (59.5%) | 2.74 (1.41 to 5.34)** | 4.15 (1.83 to 9.37) | 0.001 |
| Private employee | 56 (56.0%) | 44 (44.0%) | 1.47 (0.70 to 3.08) | 1.66 (0.68 to 4.07) | 0.268 | |
| Merchant | 86 (52.4%) | 78 (47.6%) | 1.69 (0.84 to 3.40) | 2.19 (0.94 to 5.09) | 0.069 | |
| Public employee | 28 (65.1%) | 15 (34.9%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Number of ANC | 3 and more | 156 (55.1%) | 127 (44.9%) | 1 | 1 | |
| 1–2 | 144 (41.7%) | 201 (58.3%) | 1.71 (1.25 to 2.35)** | 2.58 (1.27 to 5.25) | 0.009 | |
| Gestation | First | 50 (42.4%) | 68 (57.6%) | 1.63 (1.02 to 2.61)* | 1.38 (0.77 to 2.47) | 0.274 |
| Second | 154 (46.1%) | 180 (53.9%) | 1.40 (0.97 to 2.02) | 1.37 (0.88 to 2.14) | 0.166 | |
| Third | 96 (54.5%) | 80 (45.5%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Prior IHM use experience | No | 176 (51.6%) | 165 (48.4%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 124 (43.2%) | 163 (56.8%) | 1.40 (1.02 to 1.92)* | 0.84 (0.42 to 1.71) | 0.638 | |
| IHM use for other health problem | No | 279 (49.1%) | 289 (50.9%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 21 (35.0%) | 39 (65.0%) | 1.79 (1.03 to 3.12)* | 1.74 (0.88 to 3.46) | 0.113 | |
| Knowledge (IHM) | Sufficient | 240 (60.2%) | 159 (39.8%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Insufficient | 60 (26.2%) | 169 (73.8%) | 4.25 (2.98 to 6.07)*** | 4.58 (3.02 to 6.97) | 0.000 | |
| Perception | Unfavourable | 160 (62.7%) | 95 (37.3%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Favourable | 140 (37.5%) | 233 (62.5%) | 2.80 (2.02 to 3.90)*** | 2.54 (1.71 to 3.77) | 0.000 | |
| Presence of traditional healer in near | >5 km | 277 (49.7%) | 280 (50.3%) | 1 | 1 | |
| ≤5 km | 23 (32.4%) | 48 (67.6%) | 2.06 (1.22 to 3.49)** | 1.44 (0.75 to 2.76) | 0.268 | |
1=reference.
*p≤0.05, **p≤0.01, ***p=0.000.
ANC, antenatal care; IHM, indigenous herbal medicine.