Table 3

Results of the bivariable and multivariable analyses of preterm neonates admitted to the NICU of Bench Sheko Zone, Keffa Zone and Sheka Zone Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia, 2021

PredictorCategoryCensoredDiedCHR (95% CI)AHR (95% CI)P value
SexFemale1488811
Male2661120.75 (0.56 to 0.98)0.66 (0.47 to 0.94)0.021*
Mode of deliveryCS942111
SVD3201792.29 (1.46 to 3.60)1.51 (0.77 to 2.95)0.227
RDSNo1754511
Yes2391552.17 (1.55 to 3.02)1.22 (0 .83 to 1.81)0.31
HypothermiaNo2671040.69 (0.52 to 0.90)0.63 (0.44 to 0.92)0.017*
Yes1479611
AsphyxiaNo35215411
Yes62461.49 (1.07 to 2.06)1.2 3 (0.83 to 1.80)0.30
GA<281121.13 (0.28 to 4.61)9.28 (1.78 to 48.42)0.008*
28–321151182.45 (1.84 to 3.25)1.06 (0.70 to 1.62)0.756
32.1–36.92888011
Place of deliveryHealth institution40218411
Home12162.60 (1.55 to 4.35)1.17 (0.63 to 2.19)0.61
KMC providedYes306340.44 (0.29 to 0.66)0.1 9 (0.12 to 0.29)0.000*
No10816611
Cried immediately after birthYes33813211
No76682.11 (1.57 to 2.83)1.17 (0.78 to 1.75)0.44
Feeding typeBreast milk37712911
Formula82.88 (0.25 to 1.28)5.72 (0.99 to 1.99)1.000
Not initiated until the time of first observation29714.05 (3.02 to 5.43)2.78 (1.8 to 4.28)0.000*
AnaemiaNo40919111
Yes594.09 (2.08 to 8.06)6.2 (2.34 to 16.43)0.000*
ANC visitYes35514511
No59551.67 (1.24 to 2.32)1.07 (.66 to 1.75)0.676
5-minute Apgar score<754490.61 (0.44 to 0.84)0.96(.63 to 1.48)0.873
7–1036015111
  • 1=reference.

  • *Significant at p<0.05 in the multivariable analysis.

  • AHR, adjusted HR; ANC, antenatal care; CHR, crude HR; CS, caesarean section; GA, gestational age; KMC, kangaroo mother care; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; SVD, spontaneous vaginal delivery.