Results of the bivariable and multivariable analyses of preterm neonates admitted to the NICU of Bench Sheko Zone, Keffa Zone and Sheka Zone Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia, 2021
| Predictor | Category | Censored | Died | CHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | P value |
| Sex | Female | 148 | 88 | 1 | 1 | |
| Male | 266 | 112 | 0.75 (0.56 to 0.98) | 0.66 (0.47 to 0.94) | 0.021* | |
| Mode of delivery | CS | 94 | 21 | 1 | 1 | |
| SVD | 320 | 179 | 2.29 (1.46 to 3.60) | 1.51 (0.77 to 2.95) | 0.227 | |
| RDS | No | 175 | 45 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 239 | 155 | 2.17 (1.55 to 3.02) | 1.22 (0 .83 to 1.81) | 0.31 | |
| Hypothermia | No | 267 | 104 | 0.69 (0.52 to 0.90) | 0.63 (0.44 to 0.92) | 0.017* |
| Yes | 147 | 96 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Asphyxia | No | 352 | 154 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 62 | 46 | 1.49 (1.07 to 2.06) | 1.2 3 (0.83 to 1.80) | 0.30 | |
| GA | <28 | 11 | 2 | 1.13 (0.28 to 4.61) | 9.28 (1.78 to 48.42) | 0.008* |
| 28–32 | 115 | 118 | 2.45 (1.84 to 3.25) | 1.06 (0.70 to 1.62) | 0.756 | |
| 32.1–36.9 | 288 | 80 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Place of delivery | Health institution | 402 | 184 | 1 | 1 | |
| Home | 12 | 16 | 2.60 (1.55 to 4.35) | 1.17 (0.63 to 2.19) | 0.61 | |
| KMC provided | Yes | 306 | 34 | 0.44 (0.29 to 0.66) | 0.1 9 (0.12 to 0.29) | 0.000* |
| No | 108 | 166 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Cried immediately after birth | Yes | 338 | 132 | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 76 | 68 | 2.11 (1.57 to 2.83) | 1.17 (0.78 to 1.75) | 0.44 | |
| Feeding type | Breast milk | 377 | 129 | 1 | 1 | |
| Formula | 8 | – | 2.88 (0.25 to 1.28) | 5.72 (0.99 to 1.99) | 1.000 | |
| Not initiated until the time of first observation | 29 | 71 | 4.05 (3.02 to 5.43) | 2.78 (1.8 to 4.28) | 0.000* | |
| Anaemia | No | 409 | 191 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 5 | 9 | 4.09 (2.08 to 8.06) | 6.2 (2.34 to 16.43) | 0.000* | |
| ANC visit | Yes | 355 | 145 | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 59 | 55 | 1.67 (1.24 to 2.32) | 1.07 (.66 to 1.75) | 0.676 | |
| 5-minute Apgar score | <7 | 54 | 49 | 0.61 (0.44 to 0.84) | 0.96(.63 to 1.48) | 0.873 |
| 7–10 | 360 | 151 | 1 | 1 |
1=reference.
*Significant at p<0.05 in the multivariable analysis.
AHR, adjusted HR; ANC, antenatal care; CHR, crude HR; CS, caesarean section; GA, gestational age; KMC, kangaroo mother care; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; SVD, spontaneous vaginal delivery.