Crude and adjusted analysis of the association between breast feeding (BF) and ultra-processed foods (UPF) and fresh or minimally processed foods (FMPF) consumption at 11 years in the 2004 Pelotas cohort
| BF | UPF consumption (%kcal) at 11 years | FMPF consumption (%kcal) at 11 years | ||
| Crude β (95% CI) | Adjusted* β (95% CI) | Crude β (95% CI) | Adjusted* β (95% CI) | |
| EBF duration (months) | −0.34 (-0.53 to −0.16) | −0.34 (-0.57 to −0.12) | 0.23 (0.05;0.41) | 0.22 (-0.002;0.43) |
| EBF up to 4 months | ||||
| Yes | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| No | 1.37 (0.50;2.24) | 1.07 (0.03;2.11) | −1.01 (-1.85 to −0.17) | −0.71 (-1.71;0.30) |
| EBF up to 6 months | ||||
| Yes | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| No | 1.41 (0.16;2.67) | 1.75 (0.25;3.24) | −1.25 (-2.46 to −0.04) | −1.49 (-2.93 to −0.04) |
| Total BF duration (months) | −0.002 (-0.01;0.01) | −0.01 (-0.02;0.01) | 0.003 (-0.01;0.01) | 0.01 (-0.01;0.02) |
| Total BF duration | ||||
| ≥12 months | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| <12 months | 0.72 (-0.09;1.54) | 1.12 (0.24;2.19) | −0.60 (-1.38;0.19) | −1.13 (-2.07 to −0.19) |
Pelotas-RS, Brazil.
Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.
*Adjusted by maternal education at birth, family income at birth, pregestational body mass index, gestational age.
EBF, exclusive BF.