Impact of MR grade and aortic valve area (AVA) on heart failure hospitalisation
| HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Up to mild MR+AVA≤1.35 cm² vs AVA>1.35 cm² | |||
| Univariate analysis | 1.036 | 0.829 to 1.295 | 0.754 |
| Greater than mild MR+ AVA≤1.35 cm² vs AVA>1.35 cm² | |||
| Univariate | 1.893 | 1.288 to 2.781 | 0.001 |
| Adjusted for all clinical* | 1.941 | 1.309 to 2.880 | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for all echocardiographic† | 1.672 | 1.097 to 2.548 | 0.017 |
| Adjusted for both*† | 1.774 | 1.157 to 2.72 | 0.009 |
| Adjusted for diastolic parameter # +cardiac output | 1.555 | 0.833 to 2.904 | 0.166 |
| AVA>1.35 cm²+ MR up to mild vs greater than mild | |||
| Univariate analysis | 1.624 | 1.143 to 2.308 | 0.007 |
| Adjusted for all clinical* | 1.249 | 0.873 to 1.788 | 0.223 |
| Adjusted for all echocardiographic† | 0.992 | 0.652 to 1.508 | 0.969 |
| Adjusted for both*† | 0.881 | 0.572 to 1.358 | 0.567 |
| Adjusted for diastolic parameter # +cardiac output | 0.645 | 0.356 to 1.168 | 0.148 |
| AVA≤1.35 cm²+ MR greater than mild vs up to mild | |||
| Univariate analysis | 3.056 | 2.324 to 4.018 | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for all clinical* | 2.241 | 1.689 to 2.973 | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for all echocardiographic† | 2.162 | 1.545 to 3.025 | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for both*† | 1.625 | 1.163 to 2.271 | 0.004 |
| Adjusted for diastolic parameter # +cardiac output | 1.816 | 1.135 to 2.906 | 0.013 |
| Greater than mild MR+AVA ≤1.35 cm² vs Up to mild MR+AVA>1.35 cm² | |||
| Univariate analysis | 3.089 | 2.374 to 4.019 | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for all clinical* | 2.164 | 1.641 to 2.852 | <0.001 |
| Adjusted for all echocardiographic† | 1.67 | 1.205 to 2.314 | 0.002 |
| Adjusted for both*† | 1.296 | 0.941 to 1.784 | 0.112 |
| Adjusted for diastolic parameter # +cardiac output | 1.175 | 0.708 to 1.948 | 0.533 |
*For clinical variables—age, sex, atrial fibrillation, chronic renal failure hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, COPD.
†For echocardiographic variables—ejection fraction, left ventricle end diastolic diameter, left ventricle end systolic diameter, aortic valve regurgitation grade, right ventricle size, right ventricle function # For diastolic parameter—LAVI, DT, average E/e’, E/A ratio, sPAP.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DT, deceleration time; E/A, Early diastolic flow velocity (E velocity) divided by late diastolic transmitral flow velocity (A velocity); LAVI, Left Atrial Volume Index; MR, mitral regurgitation.