Demographic variables and COVID ICU-related factors at baseline and their effect on PCL-5 at 12 month follow-up*
Demographic variables | Coefficient | 95% CI | P value | ||
Gender | Female | Ref | |||
Male | −0.5 | −3.6 to 4.6 | 0.809 | ||
Marital status | Married/partner | Ref | |||
Single | 1.7 | −2.5 to 5. | 0.514 | ||
Years of professional experience | −0.01 | −0.2 to 0.2 | 0.902 | ||
Profession | Nurse | Ref | |||
Physician | −4.8 | −10.6 to 0.9 | 0.098 | ||
Leader | −2.7 | −7.9 to 3.6 | 0.458 | ||
Previous ICU experience | No Yes | Ref 4.2 | −2.3 to 10.8 | 0.208 | |
Self-reported previous symptoms of anxiety | No Yes | Ref 0.3 | −4.9 to 5.4 | 0.922 | |
Self-reported previous symptoms of depression | No Yes | Ref 6.9 | 2.3 to 11.5 | 0.003† | |
Risk factors for serious COVID-infection | No Yes | Ref 1.5 | −3.2 to 6.1 | 0.533 | |
Professional preparations | Professional preparedness | No Yes | Ref −0.8 | −11.2 to 9.7 | 0.885 |
Professional information | No Yes | Ref 0.1 | −3.3 to 3.6 | 0.938 | |
Simulation training | No Yes | Ref 1.7 | −1.6 to 5.0 | 0.314 | |
Emotional experience | Fear of infection | No Yes | Ref 4.4 | 1.1 to 7.7 | 0.009† |
Feeling of loneliness | No Yes | Ref 4.5 | 0.7to 8.2 | 0.020† | |
Support at work | No extra support | No Yes | Ref −0.5 | −4.0 to 2.8 | 0.741 |
Talk to leader | No Yes | Ref −0.4 | −4.3 to 3.4 | 0.826 | |
Daily debrief | No Yes | Ref −3.7 | −9.6 to 2.2 | 0.221 |
Median regression analysis, N=286.
*One participant was excluded from the analysis due to missing data on years of professional experience.
†≤0.05
ICU, intensive care unit; PCL-5, post-traumatic stress disease checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5.