Search strategy initially developed in Ovid Embase and searched on 1 March 2023 (search queries were subsequently adapted to other bibliographic databases)
| Query No. | Query terms |
| 1 | visceral leishmaniasis/ |
| 2 | ((Leishmaniasis and Visceral) or (Leishmania and infantum) or (Leishmania and donovani) or (Kala and azar)).ti,ab,kw. |
| 3 | 1 or 2 |
| 4 | Validat$.ti,ab. or Predict$.ti. or Rule$.ti,ab. or (Predict$ adj2 (Outcome$ or Risk$ or Model$)).ti,ab. or ((History or Variable$ or Criteria or Scor$ or Characteristic$ or Finding$ or Factor$) adj2 (Predict$ or Model$ or Decision$ or Identif$ or Prognos$)).ti,ab. or (Decision$ adj2 (Model$ or Clinical$)).ti,ab. or (Prognostic adj2 (History or Variable$ or Criteria or Scor$ or Characteristic$ or Finding$ or Factor$ or Model$)).ti,ab. |
| 5 | statistical model/ |
| 6 | decision*.ti,ab. |
| 7 | 5 and 6 |
| 8 | 4 or 7 |
| 9 | (Stratification or ROC Curve or Discrimination or Discriminate or c-statistic or c statistic or Area under the curve or AUC or Calibration or Indices or Algorithm or Multivariable).ti,ab. |
| 10 | receiver operating characteristic/ |
| 11 | 8 or 9 or 10 |
| 12 | 3 and 11 |