Binary logistic regression to explore factors affecting early initiation of daily tobacco usage as per the second round of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India
| Smokers | Smokeless tobacco users | Dual users | ||||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| Male | 11.7 (10.1 to 13.7) | 14.9 (12.4 to 17.9) | 2.8 (2.7 to 3.1) | 3.1 (2.8 to 3.4) | 13.1 (9.9 to 17.3) | 12.0 (8.8 to 16.4) |
| Age group | ||||||
| 15–24 years | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| 25–44 years | 3.8 (3.2 to 4.6) | 3.5 (2.9 to 4.3) | 2.6 (2.3 to 2.8) | 2.4 (2.1 to 2.7) | 2.4 (1.8 to 3.2) | 2.2 (1.6 to 3.1) |
| 45–60 years | 6.3 (5.2 to 7.6) | 5.4 (4.5 to 6.6) | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.6) | 2.7 (2.4 to 3.1) | 2.5 (1.8 to 3.4) | 2.1 (1.6 to 2.9) |
| >60 years | 5.8 (4.8 to 7.2) | 5.0 (4.0 to 6.3) | 3.4 (3.0 to 3.9) | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.7) | 2.1 (1.5 to 2.9) | 2.0 (1.3 to 2.8) |
| Education | ||||||
| Primary school | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| No formal schooling | 2.2 (0.6 to 7.9) | 3.4 (0.7 to 15.1) | 1.0 (0.3 to 2.9) | 0.9 (0.2 to 3.0) | 1.5 (0.2 to 10.3) | 1.7 (0.2 to 12.6) |
| Secondary school | 1.3 (0.3 to 4.6) | 1.4 (0.3 to 3.3) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.6) | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.6) | 1.0 (0.1 to 7.1) | 0.9 (0.1 to 6.3) |
| >Higher secondary school | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.5) | 0.7 (0.1 to 3.3) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.7) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.7) | 0.4 (0.1 to 3.4) | 0.4 (0.1 to 2.9) |
| Occupation | ||||||
| Unemployed | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| Employed | 1.2 (0.2 to 5.9) | 0.7 (0.1 to 6.6) | 12.8 (1.8 to 87.7) | 22.9 (2.9 to 179) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.2) | 0.7 (0.6 to 1.0) |
| Self-employed and retired | 0.8 (0.1 to 4.2) | 0.6 (0.1 to 5.6) | 7.4 (1.1 to 50.9) | 15.4 (1.9 to 120.9) | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.7) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.9) |
| Students and homemakers | 0.2 (0.0 to 1.0) | 0.5 (0.1 to 4.7) | 4.3 (0.6 to 29.9) | 12.4 (1.5 to 97.2) | 0.1 (0 to 0.1) | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.6) |
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| Rural | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.6) | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.4) | 1.8 (1.6 to 2.0) | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.5) | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.1) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.4) |
| Region | ||||||
| South | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| North | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.6) | 1.7 (1.5 to 2.0) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.9) | 1.5 (1.1 to 1.9) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.2) |
| Central | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3) | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.4) | 3.1 (2.7 to 3.6) | 3.5 (3.0 to 4.1) | 3.9 (3.0 to 4.9) | 3.8 (3.0 to 4.9) |
| East | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.0) | 3.1 (2.7 to 3.6) | 3.3 (2.9 to 3.9) | 2.6 (2.0 to 3.3) | 2.4 (1.8 to 3.0) |
| Northeast | 1.7 (1.5 to 2.0) | 1.9 (1.6 to 2.2) | 5.8 (5.0 to 6.6) | 7.1 (6.1 to 8.2) | 5.8 (4.6 to 7.2) | 5.7 (4.5 to 7.2) |
| West | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.5) | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.5) | 2.4 (2.1 to 2.9) | 2.7 (2.3 to 3.3) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.7) |
| Using tobacco causes serious illness | ||||||
| Yes | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value | Ref value |
| No | 1.1 (1.0 to 1.3) | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.2) | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.8) | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.7) | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.7) | 1.8 (1.6 to 2.0) |