Table 2

Pregnancy outcomes for the SHAPES cohort

OutcomesDefinition
Maternal outcomes
 Gestational diabetes*Fasting plasma glucose level of ≥5.6 mmol/L or 2 hour plasma glucose level of ≥7.8 mmol/L
 Gestational hypertensionBlood pressure≥140/90 mm Hg on two occasions at least 4 hours apart after 20 weeks’ gestation
 Pre-eclampsiaNew onset of hypertension (>140 mm Hg systolic or >90 mm Hg diastolic) after 20 weeks of pregnancy with a new onset of proteinuria or/and maternal organ dysfunction or/and uteroplacental dysfunction. Early onset defined as onset of pre-eclampsia before 34 weeks gestation
 Induction of labourNon-surgical treatment to induce the labour
 Caesarean sectionSurgical delivery of baby (emergency or elective)
 Instrumental deliveryAssisted birth when forceps or a ventouse suction cup is applied
 Retained placentaAs reported in medical records
 Maternal infectionAs reported in medical records
 Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH)Third stage of labour and immediate postpartum period, measured in mL blood loss
 Maternal length of stay in hospitalFrom admission date for any stay resulting in delivery to date of discharge
Infant outcomes
 Fetal growth Measured at second and third trimester scans, including:
 Second trimester scan: fetal head circumference; fetal abdominal circumference; fetal femur length; estimated fetal weight Hadlock
 Third trimester scan: abdominal circumference; femur length; estimated fetal weight Hadlock; umbilical artery PI; end diastolic flow; Amniotic Fluid Index
 Preterm birthBirth before 37 weeks gestation
 Late-term birthPregnancy that extends over 41 weeks gestation
 Large for gestational ageBirth weight above the 90th centile for gestational age and sex on INTERGROWTH chart
 Small for gestational ageBirth weight below the 10th centile for gestational age and sex on INTERGROWTH chart46
 Apgar score1 and 5 minutes
 Neonatal jaundiceAs reported in medical records
 Neonatal respiratory distress (requiring resuscitation)Any of the following: cords visualised meconium seen; cord visualised no meconium; facial air; facial oxygen; mucus extraction or suction; positive pressure by bag or mask; positive pressure by endotracheal tube
 Feeding methodFirst feed: artificial; breast mother; breast donor; breast and artificial; no feed given
Feed method at discharge: breastfeeding or artificial feed or both breast and artificial
 Infant admission to specialist careAdmission to neonatal special care baby unit or intensive care unit, high-dependency care, transitional care; length of stay if admitted
  • *Note this outcome can only be determined for those women who have had an oral glucose tolerance test.

  • SHAPES, Study of How Adiposity in Pregnancy has an Effect on outcomeS.