Table 4

Regression results of the Tobit regression model

VariablesCoefficient (95% CI)P value
Main DEA model regression results
 Population density (people per sq. km of land area)0.0449317 (−0.1083365 to 0.018473)0.165
 Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (current US$)0.0672207 (0.0085992 to 0.1258422)0.025**
 Urban population (% of total population)0.4827829 (−0.8157207 to −0.1498452)0.004***
 Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)0.0113915 (−0.0151828 to 0.0379659)0.401
 Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)0.4643171 (−0.4930024 to 1.421637)0.342
 Current health expenditure (CHE) as percentage of GDP (%)0.0093055 (−0.0523179 to 0.0709289)0.767
Main SFA model regression results
 Population density (people per sq. km of land area)0.0188001 (0.0046622 to 0.0329381)0.009***
 GDP per capita (current US$)0.0021588 (−0.0138504 to 0.0095328)0.717
 Urban population (% of total population)0340433 (−0.0089688 to 0.0770553)0.121
 Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)0.0003696 (−0.0020561 to 0.0013168)0.667
 Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)0.006653 (−0.0238764 to 0.0238764)0.669
 CHE as percentage of GDP (%)0.0010322 (−0.0018335 to 0.0038979)0.480
  • *p<0.1, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01.43

  • DEA, data envelopment analysis; SFA, stochastic frontier approach.