Table 1

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

InclusionExclusion

  1. Age≥18 years

  2. Stage 3 acute kidney injury diagnosed according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome criteria

  3. Started or intending to start CKRT for volume management

  4. Attending intensivist or nephrologist intending to remove net fluid using CKRT at least for 48 hours

  1. Respiratory distress due to pulmonary oedema or fluid overload in unintubated patients

  2. Massive volume infusion (ie, >200 mL/hour for >6 hours of continuous infusion)

  3. No intention to remove net fluid as determined by attending intensivist or nephrologist

  4. Attending intensivist or nephrologist believes that the protocol will not be followed

  5. Continuous net fluid removal for >48 hours prior to study enrolment

  6. Patients on chronic outpatient haemodialysis

  7. Patients with history of, or current admission for, kidney transplantation

  8. Patients on comfort measures only orders

  9. Moribund not expected to survive>24 hours

  10. Confirmed pregnancy

  11. Patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist device or intra-aortic balloon pump

  12. Organ donors with neurological determination of death

  13. Drug overdose requiring CKRT for drug clearance

  14. Enrolment in a concurrent interventional clinical trial with direct impact on fluid balance (eg, >500 mL study drug administration)

  • CKRT, continuous kidney replacement therapy.