Characteristics of included articles
| Author | Year | Country | n | Type of article | Condition | Description of use of advance consent |
| Backlar24 | 1999 | USA | 369 | Commentary | Psychiatric: schizophrenia | Author discusses the theoretical use of research advance directives. |
| Biros et al26 | 1995 | USA | 303 | Consensus statement | No specific condition mentioned: ‘emergency conditions’ | Authors discuss the theoretical use of research advance directives in the context of federal regulations in the USA. |
| Cole et al29 | 2019 | USA | 1165 | Cohort | Psychiatric: agitation | Authors employ the use advance consent for enrolment in an randomised controlled trial. Observational cohort study of patients screened and who consented in advance for potential future enrolment in a randomised trial examining treatments for acute agitation in the emergency department. |
| Corneli et al27 | 2018 | USA | 1095 | Interview | Respiratory: pneumonia | Authors interview stakeholders to determine the perceived acceptability of the use advance consent for enrolment in a theoretical RCT. |
| Karlawish et al28 | 1997 | USA | 340 | Historical review | No specific condition mentioned: emergency medicine | Authors explain research advance directives and discuss the ethics and regulations in the USA concerning the use of advance consent for research on emergency conditions. |
| McGehrin et al25 | 2018 | USA | 811 | Commentary | Neurological: ischaemic stroke | Authors outline the use of a standardised document which allows patients to record their preferences regarding acute stroke treatment interventions, as well as for preferences for participation in future stroke clinical trials. |