Table 2

Themes and subthemes

ThemesSubthemes
Importance of clinician–patient relationship

  • GPs’ professional relationship with their patients

  • Providing opportunistic CSTs

  • Other clinician–patient relationships

  • Self-collection HPV tests

Patients’ cultural understanding regarding healthcare and CCS

  • Lack of awareness and knowledge

  • Lower priority for cancer screening

    • Not on patients’ agenda

    • Patients’ subjective beliefs and perceptions of low risk

    • COVID-19 pandemic

  • Importance of patients’ individual circumstances

    • Patient concerns surrounding physical examination

    • Influence of relatives

    • Previous sexual trauma

Communication and language

  • Language difficulties

  • Interpreter use

  • Use of appropriate resources

Health system related

  • Increased time needed

  • Access to appointments

  • Funding

  • Health promotion

  • Use of practice management system