Table 2

Characteristics of the non-participant observation patient sample

Sex	Ethnicity	Type of stoma formed	Surgical approach to stoma formation	Indication for stoma formation	Planned or unplanned surgery	Centre number
Male	White British	End colostomy	Laparoscopic	Bowel management for paraplegia	Planned	1
Male	White British	End colostomy	Laparoscopic	Bowel management for multiple sclerosis	Planned	1
Female	White British	End colostomy	Open	Bowel cancer	Planned	2
Female	White British	End ileostomy	Laparoscopic	Inflammatory bowel disease	Planned	1
Male	White British	End ileostomy	Converted laparoscopic to open	Bowel cancer	Planned	2
Male	White British	End colostomy	Open	Sigmoid volvulus	Unplanned	2