Table 4

Quantile regression results for the number of individuals with chronic conditions associated with monthly OOPHE

OOPHE itemsNumber of members with chronic conditionsQuantile regressionP value†
10th percentile25th percentile50th percentile75th percentile90th percentile
β (SAR)95% CIβ (SAR)95% CIβ (SAR)95% CIβ (SAR)95% CIβ (SAR)95% CI
Overall OOPHENot-CCA household‡
One-CCA household646*550 to 743689**597 to 7811261*1219 to 13031329**1294 to 13631209**1174 to 12440.007
More-than-one-CCA household1772**1600 to 19431722*1613 to 18311649***1518 to 17792099**2051 to 21462072**2027 to 21170.0003
ServicesNot-CCA household‡
One-CCA household383**373 to 393261**253 to 268610***606 to 614***653*639 to 666590**580 to 599<0.0001
More-than-one-CCA household406**387 to 426325**311 to 338608*595 to 621516*459 to 572692**673 to 710<0.0001
MedicineNot-CCA household‡
One-CCA household473**462 to 483470*464 to 477549**543 to 555369*322 to 417259***156 to 3620.05
More-than-one-CCA household785*762 to 807947*933 to 9601141*1128 to 11541159**1107 to 12121260***1162 to 1357<0.0001
Other expensesNot-CCA household‡
One-CCA household221*218 to 223204*197 to 210128106 to 150157137 to 176166**154 to 1770.006
More-than-one-CCA household464**455 to 472473**461 to 484471**418 to 525515**491 to 538517***507 to 526<0.0001

  • Not-CCA household denotes households not affected by a chronic condition. One-CCA household denotes households affected by one chronic condition. More-than-one-CCA household denotes households affected by more than one chronic condition.

  • Coefficients are estimated after adjusting for study variables.

  • *P<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

  • †Kruskal-Wallis test for differences across quintiles.

  • ‡Reference.

  • OOPHE, out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure; SAR, Saudi Arabian riyal.