Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses of factors associated with anaemia at the time of ART initiation among HIV infected adults at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018 (n=468)
Characteristics | Frequency | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P value | |
Anaemic | Not anaemic | ||||
Sex of the patient | |||||
Male | 86 | 101 | 2.30 (1.56 to 3.40) | 2.45 (1.51 to 3.98) | <0.001* |
Female | 77 | 204 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Age at enrolment (in years) | |||||
15–24 | 11 | 40 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
25–34 | 65 | 125 | 1.89 (0.91 to 3.93) | 1.96 (0.79 to 4.85) | 0.145 |
35–44 | 60 | 97 | 2.31 (1.10 to 4.85) | 1.65 (0.65 to 4.22) | 0.295 |
45+ | 27 | 43 | 2.28 (1.003 to 5.19) | 1.65 (0.58 to 4.67) | 0.346 |
Level of education | |||||
No education | 62 | 109 | 1.57 (0.88 to 2.82) | 2.38 (1.12 to 5.05) | 0.024* |
Primary | 37 | 72 | 1.32 (0.70 to 2.51) | 1.69 (0.76 to 3.77) | 0.195 |
Secondary | 44 | 69 | 1.87 (1.01 to 3.45) | 1.88 (0.87 to 4.04) | 0.107 |
College+ | 20 | 55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Patient’s residence | |||||
Rural | 118 | 249 | 1.67 (1.07 to 2.62) | 1.58 (0.91 to 2.75) | 0.105 |
Urban | 45 | 56 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Family size | |||||
≤2 persons | 55 | 132 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
3–4 persons | 81 | 132 | 1.50 (0.99 to 2.28) | 1.30 (0.76 to 2.22) | 0.333 |
≥5 persons | 27 | 41 | 1.58 (0.89 to 2.82) | 1.41 (0.68 to 2.94) | 0.352 |
Pre-ART duration | |||||
<6 months | 122 | 210 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
≥6 months | 42 | 94 | 0.77 (0.50 to 1.17) | 0.93 (0.55 to 1.60) | 0.807 |
Presence of past OI | |||||
Yes | 34 | 44 | 1.55 (0.94 to 2.53) | 0.88 (0.46 to 1.69) | 0.708 |
No | 130 | 260 | |||
CD4+ T cell count at enrolment (cells/μL) | |||||
<200 | 103 | 60 | 6.86 (4.49 to 10.49) | 4.67 (2.78 to 7.85) | <0.001* |
≥200 | 61 | 244 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
<18.5 | 78 | 56 | 3.85 (2.49 to 5.93) | 2.43 (1.42 to 4.16) | 0.001* |
18.5–24.9 | 76 | 210 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
>24.9 | 10 | 38 | 0.73 (0.35 to 1.53) | 1.26 (0.54 to 2.93) | 0.593 |
WHO clinical staging | |||||
Stage I | 43 | 158 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Stage II | 35 | 86 | 1.49 (0.89 to 2.51) | 0.94 (0.51 to 1.73) | 0.850 |
Stage III/IV | 86 | 60 | 5.27 (3.29 to 8.44) | 1.78 (0.96 to 3.30) | 0.068 |
Functional status at enrolment | |||||
Working | 93 | 277 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Ambulatory/bedridden | 71 | 27 | 7.83 (4.74 to 12.93) | 2.69 (1.41 to 5.12) | 0.003* |
*Significance at a p value of <0.05.
AOR, adjusted OR; ART, antiretroviral therapy; COR, crude OR; OI, opportunistic infection.