Cox proportional hazards model of mortality according to the degree of kyphosis
| Participants (n) | Frequency of mortality | Occurrence rate/year | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI)* | |
| Kyphotic posture | |||||
| None | 1147 | 54 | 0.008 | Ref | Ref |
| Mild | 272 | 22 | 0.014 | 1.74 (1.06 to 2.85) | 1.17 (0.70 to 1.96) |
| Severe | 202 | 26 | 0.023 | 2.83 (1.77 to 4.52) | 1.99 (1.20 to 3.30) |
*Estimated from a Cox regression model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking habit, lumbar spinal stenosis, low back pain, good health status, stroke history and hand grip strength.