Search Strategy (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
| Search number | Description |
| 1 Title Abstract Keyword | narcotic* or opiate* or opioid* or acetylmethadol or alfentanil or anileridine or Belladonna or Benzomorphan* or bezitramide or buprenorphine or butorphanol or Codeine or Dextromethorphan or Dextromoramide or Dextropropoxyphene or dezocine or Diamorphine or dihydrocodeine or Diphenylpropylamine or Ethylmorphine or Fentanyl* or Heroin or Hydrocodon* or Hydromorphon* or ketobemidone or levacetylmethadol or Meperidine or Meptazinol or methadone or Morphan* or Morphine* or nalbuphine or nicomorphine or normethadone or Opium or Oripavine or Oxycodone or Oxymorphone or Papaveretum or Pentazocine or pethidin* or Phenazocine or Phenoperidine or phentanyl or Phenylpiperidine or Piritramide or remifentanil or Sufentanil or sulfentanil or sulfentanyl or tapentadol or Tilidine or Tramadol* |
| 2 Title Abstract Keyword | doctor* or physician* or surgeon* or dispens* or prescribe* or prescribing or deprescrib* or overprescri* or prescription* or script* or stewardship* or refill* or taper* |
| 3 | 1 and 2 |
| Search limits | Cochrane Reviews Cochrane Protocols |