Table 3

Overall traffic light evidence for OMT efficacy

ConditionsFirst author, yearOverall traffic light evidence
Musculoskeletal conditions
1.ANSLBP/CNSLBP
Pain Franke, 201425
Dal Farra, 202027
Functional status Franke, 201425
Dal Farra, 202027
2.CNSLBP
Pain Franke, 201425
Dal Farra, 202027
Functional status Franke, 201425
Dal Farra, 202027
3.NSLBP in pregnancy
Pain Franke, 201425
Franke, 201726
Functional status Franke, 201425
Franke, 201726
4.NSLBP in PP
Pain Franke, 201425
Franke, 201726
Functional status Franke, 201425
Franke, 201726
5.LBP with sciatica
Pain De Oliveira Meirelles, 201324
6.LBP with menopausal symptoms
Pain De Oliveira Meirelles, 201324
7.CNSNP
Pain Franke, 201528
Functional status Franke, 201528
8.CNCP
Pain Rehmanl, 202029
Disabiliy Rehman, 202029
Quality of life Rehman, 202029
Paediatric conditions
Outcomes for different conditions * Posadzky, 201330
Neurological conditions
Outcomes for migraine and tension-type headacheCerritelli, 201731
Visceral conditions
Outcomes for IBSMuller, 201432
  • Overall traffic light evidence: yellow light, promising evidence suggests possible effectiveness, but more research would increase our confidence in the estimate of the effect; red light, limited or inconclusive evidence.

  • *Different conditions were considered. It is not possible to evaluate the single outcome for each condition.

  • †Pain, work disability, headache frequency, quality of life.

  • ‡Pain, constipation, quality of life.

  • ANSLBP, acute non-specific low back pain; CNCP, chronic non-cancer pain; CNSLBP, chronic non- specific low back pain; CNSNP, chronic non-specific neck pain; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; LBP, low back pain; NSLBP, non-specific low back pain; PP, postpartum.