Table 1

UKHSA surveillance systems and indicators for gastrointestinal infection surveillance

System	Coverage	Reporting statistic	Indicator
HPZone	National (by UKHSA regional centre)	Statutory notifications of suspected or confirmed outbreaks of food poisoning, haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and infectious bloody diarrhoea. Outbreaks of gastroenteritis in closed settings.	Food poisoning; HUS; Infectious bloody diarrhoea. GI illness in closed settings (care homes, schools, prisons).
EpiNorth3	North East England residents (approx. 2.6 million population)	Notifiable infections reported in North East England linked with enhanced exposure information from routine surveillance questionnaires conducted by environmental health officers for selected organisms.	Specified GI pathogens: Cryptosporidium, Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC), Giardia, Salmonella, Shigella.
SGSS (Second Generation Surveillance System)	All NHS laboratories in England	Routine laboratory notifications from NHS laboratories including statutory notifications of laboratory confirmed notifiable organisms.	Specified GI pathogens: Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, E. coli (STEC), Giardia, Listeria, norovirus, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Shigella.
NHS 111	National, England	Calls for indicator.	Diarrhoea, vomiting.
GP in hours	Approximately 4000 GP practices in England	In-hours (weekdays, daytime) GP consultation rates per 100 000 registered patients.	Gastroenteritis—clinical diagnoses, diarrhoea and vomiting.
GP out of hours	Approximately 60% coverage of GP out-of-hours activity in England	Out-of-hours and unscheduled care consultations for indicator as a percentage of total read-coded consultations.	Gastroenteritis—clinical diagnoses, diarrhoea and vomiting.
Emergency department (ED)	Sentinel system. 80 EDs across England	Percentage of emergency department visits with a recorded diagnosis code.	Gastroenteritis—clinical diagnoses.

GI, gastrointestinal; GP, general practitioner; NHS, National Health Service; UKHSA, UK Health Security Agency.