Prevalence of alcohol use and/or smoking among Japanese adolescents (aged 12–18 years) between 1996 and 2017 by sex
Year | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2017 | P value* | |
% 95% CI | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | |||
Boys | No use† | 50.3 (50.9 to 49.7) | 54.7 (55.3 to 54.1) | 66.4 (66.9 to 65.9) | 80.4 (80.8 to 80.0) | 86.9 (87.2 to 86.6) | 93.3 (93.5 to 93.0) | <0.01 |
Alcohol use only† | 23.9 (24.2 to 23.6) | 24.2 (24.6 to 23.9) | 21.5 (21.8 to 21.3) | 12.7 (12.8 to 12.5) | 9.2 (9.3 to 9.0) | 5.1 (5.3 to 5.0) | <0.01 | |
Smoking only† | 6.9 (7.1 to 6.8) | 5.8 (6.0 to 5.7) | 3.2 (3.3 to 3.1) | 2.3 (2.4 to 2.2) | 1.3 (1.4 to 1.3) | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.5) | <0.01 | |
Co-use† | 18.9 (19.5 to 18.3) | 15.3 (15.7 to 14.8) | 8.9 (9.1 to 8.6) | 4.7 (4.9 to 4.5) | 2.6 (2.7 to 2.5) | 1.1 (1.2 to 1.0) | <0.01 | |
Girls | No use† | 63.2 (63.6 to 62.8) | 62.8 (63.3 to 62.4) | 70.3 (70.7 to 69.8) | 82.8 (83.1 to 82.4) | 87.3 (87.5 to 87.0) | 95.0 (95.2 to 94.8) | <0.01 |
Alcohol use only† | 26.7 (25.2 to 25.3) | 27.2 (27.5 to 26.8) | 23.3 (23.7 to 23.0) | 13.8 (14.1 to 13.6) | 11.0 (11.2 to 10.8) | 4.3 (4.4 to 4.1) | <0.01 | |
Smoking only† | 2.3 (2.3 to 2.2) | 2.3 (2.4 to 2.2) | 1.5 (1.5 to 1.4) | 0.9 (0.9 to 0.8) | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.3) | 0.2 (0.2 to 0.1) | <0.01 | |
Co-use | 7.8 (8.0 to 7.6) | 7.7 (7.9 to 7.5) | 5.1 (5.1 to 4.8) | 2.5 (2.6 to 2.4) | 1.4 (1.4 to 1.3) | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.5) | <0.01 | |
Both | No use† | 56.8 (57.3 to 56.3) | 58.6 (59.1 to 58.2) | 68.1 (68.6 to 67.7) | 81.6 (81.9 to 81.2) | 87.1 (87.3 to 86.8) | 94.1 (94.3 to 93.9) | <0.01 |
Alcohol use only† | 25.3 (25.5 to 25.1) | 25.6 (25.9 to 25.4) | 22.4 (22.6 to 22.1) | 13.2 (13.4 to 13.0) | 10.1 (10.2 to 9.9) | 4.7 (4.9 to 4.6) | <0.01 | |
Smoking only† | 4.6 (4.7 to 4.4) | 4.1 (4.2 to 4.0) | 2.4 (2.5 to 2.3) | 1.6 (1.6 to 1.5) | 0.9 (0.9 to 0.8) | 0.3 (0.4 to 0.3) | <0.01 | |
Co-use† | 13.3 (13.7 to 12.9) | 11.6 (11.9 to 11.3) | 7.1 (7.3 to 6.9) | 3.6 (3.8 to 3.5) | 2.0 (2.1 to 1.9) | 0.9 (0.9 to 0.8) | <0.01 |
*Based on the Cochran-Armitage trend test.
†In the past 30 days.