Diagnosis codes for hip fractures in each study site
| Study site | Coding system | Code | Validation |
| Australia | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | For all hip fracture records identified by admission, sensitivity was 93%–94% and PPV was 72%–80%17 |
| Hong Kong | ICD9 | 820 | PPV 100%18 |
| Japan | ICD10 | S7200, S7201, S7210, S7211, S7220, S7221, S7230, S7231, S7240, S7241, S7270, S7271, S7290, S7291 | No study for hip fracture but a small study on subtrochanteric fracture (ICD-10 code S72.2, 11 cases) and femoral shaft fracture (ICD-10 code S72.3, 28 cases) showed sensitivity ~82% and PPV 100%.25 |
| South Korea | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1 | Algorithm included (1) age ≥50; (2) ICD-10 codes (S72.0, S72.1); (3) Procedure codes (N0601, N0991, N0981, N0641, N0652, N0654, N0715). Sensitivity (93.1%), PPV (77.4%)26 |
| New Zealand | ICD10 | ICD10: S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Nil |
| Singapore | ICD9/ICD10 | ICD9: 820, 820.0, 820.2, 820.8 ICD10: S7200, S7201, S7210, S7211, S7220, S7221 | Nil |
| Taiwan | ICD9/ICD10 | ICD9: 73314, 82003, 82009, 82020, 82021, 82022, 8208 ICD10: M84451A, M84452A, M84459A, M80851A, M80852A, S72001A, S72002A, S72011A, S72012A, S72041A, S72042A, S72052A, S72091A, S72092A, S72101A, S72102A, S72111A, S72112A, S72121A, S72122A, S72141A, S72142A, S72144A, S72145A, S7221XA, S7222XA | 99% (unpublished) |
| Thailand | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2, S32.4 | Nil |
| Denmark | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | PPV was 90%, 92% and 83% for fracture of the neck of femur, trochanteric fracture, and subtrochanteric fracture, respectively. Joining trochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture resulted in a PPV of 97%27 |
| Finland | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Sensitivity and PPV for femoral neck fracture 96.7% and 88.1%, for trochanteric fracture 68.6% and 96.0% and subtrochanteric fracture 83.3% and 62.5%19 |
| France | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Nil |
| Germany | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Nil |
| Italy | ICD9 | 820 | Nil |
| Netherlands | ICPC | L75, L75.01 | Nil |
| Spain | ICD9 | 820 | Nil |
| UK | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Nil |
| Brazil | ICD10 | S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Nil |
| Canada | ICD9/ICD10 | ICD9: 820 ICD10: S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Validation has been done in one province (Manitoba). No significance difference in ascertainment between administrative data and clinically validated cases28 |
| US (Medicare) US (Optum) | ICD9/ICD10 | 820/S72.0, S72.1, S72.2 | Nil (The algorithm has been used in the literature and many research projects although it has not been formally validated. We believe the accuracy is good because (1) most hip fractures need hospitalisation and (2) the diagnosis codes in Medicare inpatient claims are accurate.) |
ICD, international classification of diseases; PPV, positive predictive value.