Crude and adjusted HRs of MACE in patients with VV compared with the matched control cohort during the follow-up period
| Cohort all (n=22 386) | Crude HR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted HR (95% CI)† | P value |
| Overall analysis | ||||
| VV | 2.08 (1.91 to 2.25) | <0.0001* | 2.05 (1.89 to 2.23) | <0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Stratified analysis | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||
| <65 (years) | ||||
| VV | 2.21 (1.95 to 2.5) | <0.0001* | 2.17 (1.92 to 2.46) | <0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| ≧65 (years) | ||||
| VV | 1.98 (1.78 to 2.21) | <0.0001* | 1.96 (1.76 to 2.18) | <0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | ||||
| VV | 2.35 (2.09 to 2.65) | <0.0001* | 2.32 (2.06 to 2.62) | <0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Female | ||||
| VV | 1.87 (1.67 to 2.09) | <0.0001* | 1.85 (1.66 to 2.07) | <0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Hypertension | ||||
| VV | 1.65 (1.42 to 1.92) | <0.0001* | 1.62 (1.39 to 1.89) | <0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Diabetes | ||||
| VV | 1.4 (1.11 to 1.76) | 0.0042* | 1.37 (1.08 to 1.72) | 0.0081 |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Hyperlipidaemia | ||||
| VV | 1.5 (1.03 to 2.17) | 0.0353* | 1.56 (1.07 to 2.29) | 0.0224 |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
| Coronary artery disease | ||||
| VV | 1.93 (1.38 to 2.7) | 0.0001* | 1.99 (1.41 to 2.82) | 0.0001* |
| Controls | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | ||
*P<0.05.
†Adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency.
.MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; VV, varicose veins.