The adjusted HRs of mortality and MACE in patients with VV compared with the matched control cohort during the follow-up period
| Grade 1 control | Grade 1 | Grade 2 control | Grade 2 | Grade 3 control | Grade 3 | |
| No of mortality, N (%) | 343 (3.62) | 99 (4.01) | 147 (5.79) | 44 (6.59) | 266 (4.65) | 136 (9.01) |
| Adjusted HR for mortality (95% CI)† | Referent | 1.08 (0.86 to 1.36) | Referent | 1.13 (0.8 to 1.6) | Referent | 1.83 (1.48 to 2.27)* |
| No of CHF, N (%) | 552 (5.82) | 238 (9.65) | 181 (7.12) | 80 (11.98) | 358 (6.26) | 190 (12.59) |
| Adjusted HR for CHF (95% CI)† | Referent | 1.68 (1.44 to 1.96)* | Referent | 1.79 (1.37 to 2.34)† | Referent | 2.05 (1.71 to 2.46)* |
| No of ACS, N (%) | 291 (3.07) | 125 (5.07) | 72 (2.83) | 24 (3.59) | 174 (3.04) | 95 (6.30) |
| Adjusted HR for ACS (95% CI)† | Referent | 1.7 (1.37 to 2.11)* | Referent | 1.25 (0.78 to 1.99) | Referent | 2.04 (1.58 to 2.63)* |
| No of ischaemic stroke, N (%) | 236 (2.49) | 99 (4.01) | 90 (3.54) | 31 (4.64) | 162 (2.83) | 89 (5.90) |
| Adjusted HR for ischaemic stroke (95% CI)† | Referent | 1.59 (1.25 to 2.01)* | Referent | 1.4 (0.92 to 2.12) | Referent | 2.06 (1.58 to 2.69)* |
| No of DVT+PE, N (%) | 14 (0.15) | 56 (2.27) | 7 (0.28) | 13 (1.95) | 6 (0.10) | 63 (4.17) |
| Adjusted HR for DVT+PE (95% CI)† | Referent | 14.9 (8.26 to 26.86)* | Referent | 6.27 (2.46 to 15.96)* | Referent | 38.42 (16.38 to 90.13)* |
*P<0.05.
†Adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency.
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CHF, congestive heart failure; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; PE, pulmonary embolism; VV, varicose veins.