Table 2

Distribution of Ugandan women’s modern contraceptive use across considered potential predictor variables, together with ORs and 95% CIs for bivariable analyses, and adjusted ORs (AORs) and 95% CIs from a multivariable model containing demographic variables (model 1), a model containing demographic and proximate variables (model 2) and a parsimonious multivariable model (model 3)

Nn (%w)*Bivariable modelModel 1Model 2Model 3
OR (95% CI)P valueAOR (95% CI)P valueAOR (95% CI)P valueAOR (95% CI)P value
Age (years)<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
 15–2480581433 (18.3)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 25–3456142007 (37.1)2.62 (2.39 to 2.90)1.08 (0.96 to 1.22)1.08 (0.95 to 1.22)1.09 (0.97 to 1.23)
 ≥3548341474 (31.0)2.00 (1.81 to 2.22)0.78 (0.67 to 0.90)0.76 (0.66 to 0.89)0.78 (0.68 to 0.91)
Highest educational attainment<0.001<0.001<0.0010.001
 None2071378 (20.6)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Primary10 8932871 (26.6)1.39 (1.19 to 1.63)1.71 (1.46 to 2.00)1.70 (1.45 to 2.00)1.71 (1.46 to 2.01)
 Higher55421665 (30.5)1.69 (1.44 to 1.99)2.28 (1.92 to 2.73)2.25 (1.87 to 2.69)2.30 (1.92 to 2.73)
Place of residence<0.0010.120.19
 Urban43791297 (30.5)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Rural14 1273617 (26.1)0.81 (0.72 to 0.90)0.90 (0.80 to 1.02)0.92 (0.82 to 1.04)
Region<0.0010.0020.010.003
 Central43251332 (31.2)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 East50391355 (27.1)0.82 (0.72 to 0.93)0.91 (0.79 to 1.05)0.92 (0.80 to 1.06)0.90 (0.78 to 1.03)
 North4368869 (20.5)0.57 (0.49 to 0.66)0.74 (0.63 to 0.87)0.77 (0.65 to 0.90)0.74 (0.64 to 0.87)
 West47741358 (28.1)0.86 (0.75 to 0.99)0.93 (0.81 to 1.08)0.94 (0.82 to 1.08)0.93 (0.81 to 1.07)
Marital status<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
 Unmarried4738491 (10.7)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Married11 3793841 (34.8)4.46 (3.91 to 5.09)1.36 (1.16 to 1.59)1.37 (1.16 to 1.61)1.35 (1.15 to 1.58)
 S/D/W†2389582 (25.5)2.87 (2.47 to 3.32)0.87 (0.72 to 1.04)0.88 (0.73 to 1.06)0.87 (0.73 to 1.04)
Religion0.130.250.23
Other Christian‡85852357 (27.9)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Catholic75521916 (26.4)0.93 (0.84 to 1.02)0.99 (0.90 to 1.09)0.99 (0.90 to 1.08)
 Muslim2166595 (28.3)1.02 (0.87 to 1.19)0.91 (0.77 to 1.08)0.90 (0.76 to 1.07)
 Other20346 (22.1)0.73 (0.50 to 1.08)0.72 (0.51 to 1.02)0.73 (0.51 to 1.03)
No of children<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
 04901343 (7.2)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 1–370792280 (33.4)6.47 (5.57 to 7.51)6.01 (4.98 to 7.24)6.14 (5.09 to 7.41)6.01 (4.99 to 7.23)
 ≥465262291 (36.0)7.25 (6.20 to 8.48)9.06 (7.29 to 11.25)9.41 (7.57 to 11.70)9.06 (7.31 to 11.22)
Wealth Index<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
 Poor75241623 (22.7)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Middle3485978 (28.2)1.37 (1.21 to 1.54)1.32 (1.16 to 1.50)1.29 (1.14 to 1.47)1.30 (1.14 to 1.48)
 Rich74972313 (30.9)1.56 (1.41 to 1.72)1.46 (1.29 to 1.65)1.41 (1.24 to 1.59)1.46 (1.29 to 1.65)
Heard about family planning through media<0.0010.05
 No60041345 (23.3)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Yes12 5023569 (29.1)1.36 (1.24 to 1.49)1.10 (1.00 to 1.21)
Discussed family planning with a health worker<0.0010.18
 No75912062 (28.2)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Yes51611551 (30.9)1.14 (1.03 to 1.25)0.94 (0.84 to 1.05)
 Unknown57541301 (23.0)0.76 (0.69 to 0.84)1.05 (0.95 to 1.16)
If distance to healthcare facility is a problem<0.0010.030.006
 No11 2923122 (28.5)1 (reference)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Yes72141792 (25.3)0.85 (0.78 to 0.92)0.89 (0.81 to 0.99)0.88 (0.80 to 0.96)
If getting money needed for treatment is a problem<0.0010.41
 No98232759 (28.9)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Yes86832155 (25.3)0.83 (0.77 to 0.90)0.96 (0.88 to 1.05)
If getting permission to seek treatment is a problem0.010.59
 No17 4864674 (27.5)1 (reference)1 (reference)
 Yes1020240 (23.5)0.81 (0.69 to 0.95)1.05 (0.88 to 1.26)

  • *Weighted percentages account for the sampling weights and study design.

  • †Separated/divorced/widowed.

  • ‡Christians excluding Catholics.