Factors associated with HIV testing in the past year among MSM
| Variables | Not tested (n=2776) n (%) | Tested (n=2159) n (%) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
| Age | ||||
| <25 | 1153 (64.9) | 624 (35.1) | 1 | |
| 25–40 | 1131 (51.0) | 1086 (49.0) | 1.77 (1.56 to 2.01)** | – |
| >40 | 491 (52.2) | 449 (47.8) | 1.69 (1.44 to 1.99)** | – |
| Residence in Shenzhen (year) | ||||
| <1 | 674 (58.0) | 488 (42.0) | 1 | – |
| ≥1 | 1928 (55.4) | 1551 (44.6) | 1.11 (0.97 to 1.27) | – |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Han | 2659 (55.8) | 2102 (44.2) | 1 | – |
| Other | 62 (52.1) | 57 (47.9) | 1.16 (0.81 to 1.67) | – |
| Education | ||||
| Junior high school or less | 491 (62.7) | 292 (37.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Senior high school | 1103 (63.9) | 623 (36.1) | 0.95 (0.80 to 1.13) | 0.90 (0.70 to 1.15) |
| College or above | 1182 (48.7) | 1244 (51.3) | 1.77 (1.50 to 2.09)** | 1.29 (1.01 to 1.65)* |
| Monthly income (¥) | ||||
| <3000 | 192 (60.2) | 127 (39.8) | 1 | |
| 3000–7000 | 1941 (59.5) | 1319 (40.5) | 1.03 (0.81 to 1.30) | – |
| >7000 | 643 (47.4) | 713 (52.6) | 1.68 (1.31 to 2.15)** | – |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 2540 (56.7) | 1936 (43.3) | 1 | – |
| Married | 236 (51.4) | 223 (48.6) | 1.24 (1.02 to 1.50)* | – |
| Year of sample | ||||
| 2015 | 757 (55.2) | 615 (44.8) | 1 | 1 |
| 2016 | 972 (64.1) | 544 (35.9) | 0.69 (0.59 to 0.80)** | 0.54 (0.45 to 0.65)** |
| 2017 | 1047 (51.1) | 1000 (48.9) | 1.18 (1.03 to 1.35)* | 0.65 (0.48 to 0.88)** |
| Type of MSM | ||||
| NcMSM | 1501 (61.6) | 935 (38.4) | 1 | |
| MB | 1275 (51.0) | 1224 (49.0) | 1.54 (1.38 to 1.73)** | 0.36 (0.28 to 0.46)** |
| Source of sample | ||||
| Venue based | 1839 (50.9) | 1774 (49.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Clinic based | 937 (70.9) | 385 (29.1) | 0.43 (0.37 to 0.49)** | 1.30 (1.06 to 1.60)* |
| Self-identified as a homosexual | ||||
| No | 777 (58.7) | 546 (41.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1999 (55.3) | 1613 (44.7) | 1.15 (1.01 to 1.30)* | 1.23 (1.02 to 1.46)* |
| Receptive sexual role | ||||
| No | 1764 (54.2) | 1490 (45.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1012 (60.2) | 668 (39.8) | 0.78 (0.69 to 0.88)** | 0.76 (0.64 to 0.90)** |
| In a relationship | ||||
| No | 275 (50.4) | 271 (49.6) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 451 (46.9) | 510 (53.1) | 1.15 (0.93 to 1.42) | – |
| Sexual partners in the past 6 months, n | ||||
| 0 | 881 (63.9) | 498 (36.1) | 1 | |
| 1–5 | 1462 (49.5) | 1491 (50.5) | 1.8 (1.58 to 2.06)** | – |
| >5 | 433 (71.9) | 169 (28.1) | 0.69 (0.56 to 0.85)** | – |
| Engaged in ONS in the past 6 months | ||||
| No | 927 (61.6) | 579 (38.4) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 918 (56.1) | 717 (43.9) | 1.25 (1.08 to 1.44)** | – |
| Engaged in group sex in the past 6 months | ||||
| No | 1741 (60.4) | 1143 (39.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 104 (40.3) | 154 (59.7) | 2.26 (1.74 to 2.93)** | 1.64 (1.23 to 2.19)** |
| Engaged in commercial service in the past 6 months | ||||
| No | 1736 (59.0) | 1207 (41.0) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 105 (53.8) | 90 (46.2) | 1.23 (0.92 to 1.65) | – |
| Condom use of anal sex in the past 6 months | ||||
| No | 786 (52.7) | 706 (47.3) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 1109 (53.8) | 954 (46.2) | 0.96 (0.84 to 1.09) | – |
| Recreational drug use in the past year | ||||
| No | 66 (54.1) | 56 (45.9) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 998 (51.5) | 941 (48.5) | 1.11 (0.77 to 1.60) | – |
| Received offline-based HIV-related service in the past year | ||||
| No | 1367 (77.0) | 408 (23.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1409 (44.6) | 1751 (55.4) | 4.16 (3.65 to 4.75)** | 5.49 (4.57 to 6.60)** |
| Gay app use | ||||
| No | 2014 (60.2) | 1333 (39.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 762 (48.0) | 826 (52.0) | 1.64 (1.45 to 1.85)** | 1.49 (1.21 to 1.83)** |
| HIV-related knowledge | ||||
| Low to medium | 828 (59.2) | 571 (40.8) | 1 | |
| High | 1948 (55.1) | 1588 (44.9) | 1.18 (1.04 to 1.34)** | 1.33 (1.10 to 1.61)** |
| Previous diagnosis of other STD | ||||
| No | 2581 (56.7) | 1968 (43.3) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 195 (50.5) | 191 (49.5) | 1.28 (1.04 to 1.58)* | – |
| HIV serostatus | ||||
| Negative | 2461 (55.7) | 1958 (44.3) | 1 | |
| Positive | 315 (61.0) | 201 (39.0) | 0.80 (0.67 to 0.97)* | 0.66 (0.51 to 0.86)** |
| Syphilis serostatus | ||||
| Negative | 2489 (56.5) | 1913 (43.5) | 1 | – |
| Positive | 287 (53.8) | 246 (46.2) | 1.12 (0.93 to 1.34) | – |
| Perception of HIV infection | ||||
| No or little chance | 2744 (56.4) | 2118 (43.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Rather big chance | 32 (43.8) | 41 (56.2) | 1.66 (1.04 to 2.65)* | 2.95 (1.40 to 6.23)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: TV | ||||
| No | 1640 (56.9) | 1242 (43.1) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 1080 (54.1) | 916 (45.9) | 1.12 (1.00 to 1.26) | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: radio | ||||
| No | 2508 (56.2) | 1955 (43.8) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 212 (51.1) | 203 (48.9) | 1.23 (1.00 to 1.50)* | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: newspaper | ||||
| No | 2247 (55.7) | 1788 (44.3) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 473 (56.1) | 370 (43.9) | 0.98 (0.85 to 1.14) | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: books | ||||
| No | 2238 (57.0) | 1685 (43.0) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 482 (50.5) | 473 (49.5) | 1.30 (1.13 to 1.50)** | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: friends | ||||
| No | 2274 (56.6) | 1747 (43.4) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 446 (52.0) | 411 (48.0) | 1.20 (1.04 to 1.39)* | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: doctors | ||||
| No | 2514 (56.9) | 1907 (43.1) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 206 (45.1) | 251 (54.9) | 1.61 (1.32 to 1.95)** | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: consultation service | ||||
| No | 2614 (56.8) | 1987 (43.2) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 106 (38.3) | 171 (61.7) | 2.12 (1.65 to 2.72)** | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: free promotional materials | ||||
| No | 2042 (57.1) | 1535 (42.9) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 678 (52.1) | 623 (47.9) | 1.22 (1.08 to 1.39)** | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: bulletin board | ||||
| No | 2396 (57.1) | 1799 (42.9) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 324 (47.4) | 359 (52.6) | 1.48 (1.25 to 1.74)** | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: internet | ||||
| No | 859 (53.8) | 737 (46.2) | 1 | – |
| Yes | 1861 (56.7) | 1421 (43.3) | 0.89 (0.79 to 1.00) | – |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: school education | ||||
| No | 2541 (55.9) | 2004 (44.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 179 (53.8) | 154 (46.2) | 1.09 (0.87 to 1.36) | 0.83 (0.69 to 1.01) |
“*”, p<0.05; “**”, p<0.01; OR, Odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; ONS, one night stand; STD, sexually transmitted disease.
AOR, adjusted OR; MB, money boy; MSM, men who have sex with men; NcMSM, non-commercial MSM; ONS, one-night stand; STD, sexually transmitted disease.