HIV testing-related behaviours between app-using and non-app-using MSM
| All | Non-app-using MSM (n=3347) n (%) | App-using MSM (n=1588) n (%) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
| Ever tested for HIV | ||||
| No | 1587 (47.4) | 474 (29.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1758 (52.6) | 1114 (70.2) | 2.12 (1.87 to 2.41)** | 1.48 (1.27 to 1.72)** |
| HIV test in the past year | ||||
| 0 | 2014 (60.2) | 762 (48.0) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1333 (39.8) | 826 (52.0) | 1.64 (1.45 to 1.85)** | 1.36 (1.18 to 1.57)** |
| Did you know your testing results? | ||||
| Not every time | 125 (7.1) | 42 (3.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1635 (92.9) | 1072 (96.2) | 1.95 (1.36 to 2.79)** | 1.72 (1.16 to 2.54)** |
| Last HIV negative result | ||||
| Over 1 year ago | 922 (53.0) | 529 (47.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Within the past year | 818 (47.0) | 576 (52.1) | 1.23 (1.06 to 1.43)** | 1.29 (1.09 to 1.53)** |
| Perception of being infected by HIV | ||||
| No or little chance | 3263 (97.5) | 1513 (95.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Rather big chance | 84 (2.5) | 75 (4.7) | 1.93 (1.40 to 2.64)** | 1.43 (1.00 to 2.06)* |
| Where did you receive HIV testing? Gay venue | ||||
| No | 1203 (68.4) | 977 (87.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 557 (31.6) | 137 (12.3) | 0.30 (0.25 to 0.37)** | 0.49 (0.37 to 0.63)** |
| Where did you receive HIV testing? Hospital | ||||
| No | 1434 (81.5) | 832 (74.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 326 (18.5) | 282 (25.3) | 1.49 (1.24 to 1.78)** | 1.18 (0.96 to 1.44) |
| Where did you receive HIV testing? CDC | ||||
| No | 1233 (70.1) | 637 (57.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 527 (29.9) | 477 (42.8) | 1.75 (1.50 to 2.05)** | 1.48 (1.24 to 1.76)** |
| Where did you receive HIV testing? Blood donation site | ||||
| No | 1719 (97.7) | 1093 (98.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 41 (2.3) | 21 (1.9) | 0.81 (0.47 to 1.37) | 0.91 (0.51 to 1.64) |
| Where did you receive HIV testing? CBO | ||||
| No | 1141 (64.8) | 610 (54.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 619 (35.2) | 504 (45.2) | 1.52 (1.31 to 1.78)** | 1.71 (1.44 to 2.03)** |
| Where did you receive HIV testing? Self-testing | ||||
| No | 1657 (94.1) | 956 (85.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 103 (5.9) | 158 (14.2) | 2.66 (2.05 to 3.45)** | 1.61 (1.21 to 2.14)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: TV | ||||
| No | 1805 (54.5) | 1077 (68.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1504 (45.5) | 492 (31.4) | 0.55 (0.48 to 0.62)** | 0.68 (0.59 to 0.78)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: radio | ||||
| No | 3028 (91.5) | 1435 (91.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 281 (8.5) | 134 (8.5) | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.25) | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.19) |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: newspaper | ||||
| No | 2757 (83.3) | 1278 (81.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 552 (16.7) | 291 (18.5) | 1.14 (0.97 to 1.33) | 1.10 (0.92 to 1.31) |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: books | ||||
| No | 2788 (84.3) | 1135 (72.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 521 (15.7) | 434 (27.7) | 2.05 (1.77 to 2.37)** | 2.04 (1.72 to 2.42)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: friends | ||||
| No | 2764 (83.5) | 1257 (80.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 545 (16.5) | 312 (19.9) | 1.26 (1.08 to 1.47)** | 0.92 (0.77 to 1.09) |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: doctors | ||||
| No | 3016 (91.1) | 1405 (89.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 293 (8.9) | 164 (10.5) | 1.20 (0.98 to 1.47) | 1.27 (1.00 to 1.61)* |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: consultation service | ||||
| No | 3125 (94.4) | 1476 (94.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 184 (5.6) | 93 (5.9) | 1.07 (0.83 to 1.38) | 0.80 (0.60 to 1.07) |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: free promotional materials | ||||
| No | 2508 (75.8) | 1069 (68.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 801 (24.2) | 500 (31.9) | 1.46 (1.28 to 1.67)** | 1.76 (1.51 to 2.07)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: bulletin board | ||||
| No | 2960 (89.5) | 1235 (78.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 349 (10.5) | 334 (21.3) | 2.29 (1.95 to 2.70)** | 1.81 (1.50 to 2.19)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: internet | ||||
| No | 1370 (41.4) | 226 (14.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1939 (58.6) | 1343 (85.6) | 4.20 (3.59 to 4.91)** | 3.07 (2.58 to 3.67)** |
| The main source to gain HIV-related knowledge: school education | ||||
| No | 3137 (94.8) | 1408 (89.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 172 (5.2) | 161 (10.3) | 2.09 (1.67 to 2.61)** | 0.98 (0.76 to 1.26) |
“*”, p<0.05; “**”, p<0.01; OR, Odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio after controlling for age, education, monthly income, marital status, year of sample, source of sample, and type of MSM. CDC, center for disease control and prevention; CBO, community based organization.
CBO, community-based organisation; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; MSM, men who have sex with men.