Table 1

Sources of data

Data providerData sourceDates availableIndicative/key data itemsData set
Data set 1 (routine sampling)Data set 2 (systematic sampling)
SAIL (Wales)GPJanuary 1994 to October 2016Secondary outcomes including antibiotic prescriptions, GP consultations, chronic kidney disease, hypertension
Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW)January 1994 to April 2017Primary and secondary outcomes and covariates including renal scarring, hospital admission, end-stage renal failure, VUR, renal/bladder surgery
Welsh Demographic Service (WDS)January 1994 to April 2017Demographics
Welsh Electronic Cohort of Children (WECC)January 1994 to September 2011Defines a child as ‘born in Wales’
Datastore (data repository storing microbiology culture data from the Laboratory Information Management Systems in Wales)2005–2014Defines a microbiologically confirmed UTI
Outpatient dataJanuary 1994 to April 2017Primary outcome—renal scarring
Individual Health BoardsRadiology dataJanuary 1994 to January 2017Validation of the primary outcome (renal scarring)
NHS Digital (England)Admitted patient careApril 2008 to March 2017Primary and secondary outcomes and covariates including renal scarring, hospital admission, end-stage renal failure, VUR, renal/bladder surgery
OutpatientApril 2008 to March 2017Primary outcome—renal scarring
Bristol University (England and Wales)DUTYApril 2010 to April 2012Baseline characteristics, UTI status, presenting symptoms and signs, initial clinical management
Cardiff University (Wales)EURICAJuly 2008 to July 2010Baseline characteristics, UTI status, presenting symptoms and signs, initial clinical management
  • DUTY, Diagnosis of Urinary Tract infection in Young children; EURICA, Welsh cohort study of urinary tract infection in children; GP, general practice; SAIL, Secure Anonymised Information Linkage; UTI, urinary tract infection; VUR, vesicoureteric reflux.