Accelerometer measured activity pattern (minutes per week) by vision status in the NHANES (2003–2006) adults aged 20–49 years
| Male | Female | |||||
| Unadjusted β (95% CI) | MV-adjusted β (95% CI)* | Marginal mean | Unadjusted β (95% CI) | MV-adjusted β (95% CI)* | Marginal mean | |
| Sedentary time | ||||||
| Normal vision | Ref | Ref | 3367.7 | Ref | Ref | 3326.2 |
| Uncorrected refractive error | −55.8 (−213.0 to 101.4) | −13.5 (−180.8 to 153.9) | 3354.2 | −5.0 (−184.5 to 174.5) | 9.9 (−193.6 to 213.4) | 3336.1 |
| Visual impairment | 52.7 (−496.7 to 602.2) | 273.9 (−323.3 to 871.0) | 3641.5 | 257.9 (−90.8 to 606.5) | 329.8 (12.5 to 647.0) | 3655.9 |
| P trend | 0.646 | 0.659 | 0.666 | 0.500 | ||
| Light-intensity physical activity | ||||||
| Normal vision | Ref | Ref | 1871.5 | Ref | Ref | 1900.1 |
| Uncorrected refractive error | 41.3 (−71.8 to 154.3) | 25.1 (−86.5 to 136.8) | 1896.6 | 23.7 (−84.1 to 131.5) | 6.5 (−101.6 to 114.7) | 1906.7 |
| Visual impairment | 292.8 (−37.5 to 623.1) | 7.3 (−77.9 to 505.1) | 2085.1 | −5.7 (−256.4 to 245.0) | −15.5 (−264.5 to 233.4) | 1884.6 |
| P trend | 0.047 | 0.198 | 0.717 | 0.953 | ||
| Lifestyle physical activity | ||||||
| Normal vision | Ref | Ref | 815.9 | Ref | Ref | 654.5 |
| Uncorrected refractive error | 9.9 (−55.74 to 75.5) | −2.4 (−70.1 to 65.3) | 813.5 | −13.3 (−59.6 to 33.1) | −15.0 (−60.6 to 30.6) | 639.5 |
| Visual impairment | 115.9 (−112.8 to 344.5) | 45.9 (−157.2 to 249.1) | 861.8 | −68.6 (−187.6 to 50.3) | −81.3 (−181.7 to 19.0) | 573.2 |
| P trend | 0.330 | 0.842 | 0.337 | 0.249 | ||
| Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity | ||||||
| Normal vision | Ref | Ref | 62.6 | Ref | Ref | 49.8 |
| Uncorrected refractive error | 11.4 (−4.2 to 27.0) | 10.2 (−6.8 to 27.2) | 72.9 | 2.1 (−8.4 to 12.6) | −2.9 (−11.5 to 5.7) | 46.9 |
| Visual impairment | 2.7 (−28.3 to 33.7) | 3.9 (−25.9 to 33.7) | 66.5 | 1.7 (−29.3 to 32.7) | -2.7 (−25.5 to 20.1) | 47.1 |
| P trend | 0.226 | 0.287 | 0.624 | 0.457 | ||
*MV-adjusted models included age (continuous), BMI, race, household income, employment status, smoking status and chronic illness.
BMI, body mass index; MV, multivariate; NHANES, National Health Nutrition and Examinations Survey.