Table 6

Cox model with HRs and 95% CIs for fibromyalgia associated with migraine and covariates

VariableCrudeAdjusted†
HR(95% CI)HR(95% CI)
Migraine1.57(1.44 to 1.70)***1.51(1.38 to 1.65)***
Sex (Women vs Men)1.05(0.97 to 1.15)
Age, years1.02(1.02 to 1.03)***1.02(1.01 to 1.02)***
Baseline comorbidities (yes vs no)
 Diabetes1.58(1.36 to 1.82)***0.99(0.85 to 1.16)
 Hypertension1.81(1.67 to 1.96)***1.10(0.99 to 1.22)
 Hyperlipidaemia1.69(1.54 to 1.85)***1.15(1.03 to 1.28)*
 Depression1.38(1.17 to 1.63)***1.06(0.89 to 1.26)
 Anxiety1.34(1.19 to 1.51)***0.92(0.80 to 1.05)
 Sleep disorder1.45(1.33 to 1.58)***1.09(0.98 to 1.20)
 CAD1.74(1.57 to 1.94)***1.01(0.89 to 1.14)
 CFS2.11(0.79 to 5.62)
 IBS1.28(1.06 to 1.53)**0.94(0.78 to 1.13)
  • *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.

  • †Multivariable analysis including age and the comorbidities of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, anxiety, sleep disorders, stroke, and peptic ulcer disease and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

  • CAD, coronary artery disease; CFS, chronic fatigue syndrome; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome.