Baseline characteristics
| All (n=960) | Low-parity group, parity <3 (n=302) | Multiparity group, parity ≥3 (n=658) | P value | |
| Age (years) | 63.5±11.4 | 56.6±11.5 | 66.6±9.9 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.2±12.2 | 25.7±19.8 | 25.0±6.3 | 0.223 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 78.4±16.1 | 75.4±16.3 | 79.6±15.8 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 127.0±20.4 | 126.3±19.9 | 127.2±20.6 | 0.571 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 77.0±12.8 | 77.1±12.7 | 77.0±12.9 | 0.976 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 72.8±15.8 | 73.7±16.2 | 72.4±15.7 | 0.203 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 212 (22.1) | 51 (18.8) | 161 (27.1) | 0.009 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 508 (52.9) | 134 (48.2) | 374 (61.2) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 193 (20.1) | 67 (22.2) | 126 (19.1) | 0.436 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 45 (4.7) | 9 (3.5) | 36 (5.9) | 0.136 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 519 (54.1) | 121 (47.3) | 398 (65.5) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 30 (3.1) | 10 (3.3) | 20 (3.0) | 0.897 |
| ABI, Rt | 1.1±0.1 | 1.1±0.2 | 1.1±0.1 | 0.808 |
| ABI, Lt | 1.1±0.1 | 1.1±0.2 | 1.1±0.1 | 0.753 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| WCC, ×109/L | 7.4±3.1 | 7.3±2.8 | 7.4±3.2 | 0.859 |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 12.7±4.5 | 13.2±7.8 | 12.5±1.5 | 0.007 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.9±0.7 | 0.8±0.7 | 0.9±0.7 | 0.241 |
| hs-CRP, mg/dL | 1.8±3.6 | 1.7±3.0 | 1.8±3.9 | 0.815 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 3594.0±7313.8 | 2096.6±5674.2 | 4054.0±7707.4 | 0.026 |
| Haemoglobin A1c, % | 6.5±1.3 | 6.4±1.4 | 6.5±1.3 | 0.309 |
ABI, ankle-brachial index; BMI, body mass index; hs-CRP, high sensitivity-C-reactive protein; Lt, left; NT-proBNP, NT- pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide; Rt, right; WCC, white cell count.